人教版英语八年级上册全册十单元语法总结

人教版英语八年级上册全册十单元语法总结 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 一 复合不定代词 由some, any, no, every加上one, body, thing构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词。 one body thing some someone somebody something any anyone anybody anything every everyone everybody everything no no one nobody nothing 用法 复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以用作主语、宾语和表语。 Someone is knocking at the door. I don’t have anything to say today. Money isn’t everything. 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式后置。 I have something important to tell you. There is nothing wrong with the radio. 复合不定代词做主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单词形式。 Everything begins to grow in spring. some-不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定句中。 Will you ask someone to carry the box for me? Would you like something to drink? anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”和“任何事”。 Anyone can do it. I can do anything for you. 二 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词 （一）规则变化 构成规则： 在动词末尾直接加-ed . 例如，work -worked , look -looked , play –played 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d . 例如，live –lived , hope –hoped , use –used 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed . 例如，study –studied , carry –carried , worry –worried 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed . 例如，stop –stopped , plan–planned （二）不规则变化 1. 没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut –cut , put –put , read –read 2. 变化元音，例如，write- wrote , know –knew , come –came 3. 变化辅音，例如，make –made , spend –spent , send –sent 4. 辅音和元音都变化，例如，leave –left , teach –taught , think –thought 5. 其他情况，例如，is –was , are –were , have –had Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 频度副词 一、频度副词的含义 英语中常见的频度副词有usually, sometimes, always, often, seldom, never等，它们用来表示动作发生的频率，但是在程度上有所区别，频率由高到低依次是：always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never。频度副词放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前，对频率的提问用how often。 He’s always busy. I never play a trick on others. Sometimes I go to school by bus. 二、频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词一般放在实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词和助动词之后。 Lucy is sometimes busy. I can hardly say a word. They often have coffee at night. Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister 形容词和副词的比较级 ① 形容词比较级的变化规则。 I. 规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词+er/est short shorter shortest cold colder coldest 以不发音e结尾的词+r/st wide wider widest large larger largest 单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+er/est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i+er/est heavy heavier heaviest busy busier busiest 多音节词在前面+more/most important more important most important beautiful more beautiful most beautiful II. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst old older/elder oldest/eldest many/much more most little less le ... ...