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考点31 关系副词引导的定语从句-备战2018年中考英语考点一遍过

日期:2024-05-16 科目:英语 类型:初中学案 查看:16次 大小:413655Byte 来源:二一课件通
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考点,关系,副词,引导,定语,从句
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命题趋势: 定语从句是中考必考考点之一,主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序,有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。 中考考查重点: 关系代词的用法; 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系副词有when,where,why等 关系副词的基本用法 1. when在句中作状语,表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。 2. where在句中作状语,表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。 3. why在句中作状语,表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上总迟到。 【典例】I love places _____ the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. in where D. where 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我喜欢民风淳朴的地方。根据先行词是places,从句中缺少地点状语,可知引导词是in which或者是where,故选D。 【易错提醒】 1. 当先行词为地点名词时,如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语,则用that或which引导。如: ?This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语,所以要用which/that,而不用where) 2. 当position,point,case,stage,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时,若定语从句中缺少状语,则用where来引导。如: ?It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。 3. 关系副词why指原因,代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词一般是reason。 ?Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗? 【典例】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【参考答案】D 【易错提醒】 当先行词是时间名词时,既可以用when引导定语从句,也可以用that或which引导定语从句,关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语,用when引导;若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语,则用that或which引导。如: ?Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语) ?Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that或which作spent的宾语) 【速记口诀】 1. Have you ever heard of the news _____ is about the Strawberry Concert? A. who B. what C. which D. when 2. Language learning isn’t hard itself. The attitude _____ you have decided if you can learn it well at last A. what B. who C. which 3. The panda is a kind of animal _____ I like best. A. who B. which C. where D. what 4. The beautiful girl _____ came here last Saturday is my friend. A. wh ... ...

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