主动和被动语态全解课件

课件65张PPT。语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。 如： Many students study English.(主动语态) English is studied by many students. (被动语态)语态 什么时候可以使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。 Football is played all over the world． 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了。 三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and …… It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知… … It is well known that … 据推测说… … It is supposed that …四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。 例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul． Tina是被Paul叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989． The flowersevery day.are wateredby herShe waters the flowers every day. 主 谓 宾后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态主动变被动的方法:She waters the flowers every day. 主 谓 宾The flowers are watered by her every day. ① ② ③ ④总结: 主语 be+ P.Pby +宾语 1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2. 将主动语态的谓语动词由主动变为被动3. 将主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by 的宾语放在谓动词之后运用一下吧be + done被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化考点一:am , is , are was , were will be / is going to be can/may/could/must/might be have/has been had beenby many students.1.Many students study English.Englishis studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoesare madeby themin that factory.一）一般现在时的被动语态结构： is/are+过去分词They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing. Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made by us in Beijing.1. They bought a computer last term． by them last term.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were +过去分词last year.2.We planted many trees last year.Many treeswere plantedA computerwas boughtThey built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used the rooms for resting. The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.The rooms were used for resting by them.4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should + be+过去分词1.Amy can take good care of Gina ．by Amy.Ginacan be taken good care of2.You should drink more water.More water should be drunkby you.1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them. 一般现在时 ... ...