主谓一致----语法解析及练习

辅导学案———主谓一致 表示时间、重量、数目、价格、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。 e.g Fifty kilometers _____ a long way. 2. 动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 e.g To see ____ to believe. 眼见为实。 Reading ___ learning. 读书就是学习。 Whether we will go or not _____ on the weather. 我们去还是不去要看天气情况而定。 代词 something, anything, nothing, everyone, anybody, nobody, each, neither, either, little, much, one 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 e.g Neither of them _____ an American. 他们俩都不是美国人。 We each _____ a Chinese book, but each of us _____to buy an English book. 我们都有一本汉语书，但我们每个人还要买一本英语书。 4．集体名词：people （人、人民）police（警察）family（家人）class（同学）等词作主语 时，谓语动词用复数形式。people （民族）police（警察局）family（家庭）class（班级）等词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。　　 trousers, shorts, clothes, glasses （眼镜） chopsticks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 e.g My trousers_____ blue. 但是当这些词前有a pair of 短语时，谓语动词则要用单数形式。 6. 由 cup, bottle, pair, piece 等计量单位的名词修饰的名词充当主语时，谓语动词的形式与cup, bottle, pair, piece 等词的形式保持一致。 e.g The pair of glasses _____ mine. Two pairs of glasses _____ his. There ____ ten pieces of news. 7. 有一些 以“S”结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语动词通常用单数形式， 如news, maths, physics, politics（政治）等。 8. 由 “ a lot of / lots of / plenty of + 名词”或“分数(百分数)+of +名词”做主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据名词的单复数形式而定。 e.g A lot of people _____ (have) been to London. Three fifths of the water _____ (be) dirty. Seven eighths of the work _____ （have ） been done by us . Seven eighths of the apples _____ （be） bad . 9. " a number of + 复数名词" 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 许多/ 大量的…… " the number of + 复数名词" 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ……的总数/ 数量 10. 有些形容词前面加上定冠词the， 如the poor, the rich, the young, the old等来表示一类人时，主语为复数意义，谓语动词用复数。the + 姓氏的复数表“某某一家人”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 11. 由and或both……and连接的并列成分做主语时，谓语动词用复数。但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。 The writer and the teacher _____ coming. The writer and teacher _____ coming. either… or …, neither… nor …, not only… but also …, there be 句型等的谓语动词在数上的形式和最接近的主语一致。（就近原则） 当这种形式：A as well as B… ， A but B…, A with B… ， A together with B…, A except B …, A besides B …, 作主语时，谓语动词与A保持一致。 e.g Mr Hu together with his friends _____(go) shopping every day. 配套练习： 单项选择 1．Each of the students_____ a dictionary. A. have B. is C. are D. has 2．How time flies! Ten years _____ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are 3．Not only his parents but also his brother _____to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone 4．Look! There _____ playing with the tourists on Dahe Square. A. a ... ...