动词不定式和动名词 课件（83张）

课件83张PPT。Grammar and usage To-infinitive and Verb-ing form as a noun ★To-infinitive ★bare infinitive ★verb-ing form as a noun. Part 1 To-infinitive1. to do as the subject The cat said, “to take roller coaster is terrible ”. The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.”How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster!不定式短语作主语时, 可以直接放在句首, 但在很多情况下, 尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中, 往往放在谓语之后, 而用先行代词it作形式主语。It作形式主语,不定式作真主语常见句型:It’s my duty to teach you how to learn English well. It requires patience to be a good teacher. a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame…) + 不定式 c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式 2. to do as the predictiveOur most important task now is to make a plan.当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。注: 作表语的不定式都带to, 但当主语部分有实义动词do时, to可以省略。Now the only thing we can do is wait.当不定式充当表语的时候, 表示具体动作或是将来要发生的动作。如: 1. My wish is to be a doctor. 2. What she wants to do is to tell you a secret. 3. His plan is to go abroad and continue his studies.PS: 动名词和不定式同样都可以充当表语,两者的区别在于不定式表达是具体或是将来发生动作，而动名词则表示抽象的一般行为。 1. His job is delivering the letters to their destinations. 2. My job is to look after the sister when Mom is cooking.3. To do as the objectThe cat said “Remember not to take it next time!” (Tips:不定式否定为not to)可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多, 如agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish天津卷12题：I don’t want ___ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 当不定式短语比宾补长时, 往往将 不定式放到宾补后, 而用先行代词it 作形式宾语, 常用动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。 The cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster.b) 只有少数介词如but, except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，但如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词含有do, does, did时，通常省略to。We have no choice but to wait. Cf. We can do nothing but wait.4. to do as the object complement You should get them to help you. (They will help you.)(常用谓语动词有: get, ask, force, order, tell, invite, allow, wish, want, like, expect, advise, beg, cause, persuade, teach, warn, hate, permit,forbid, encourage等。)通常这样的动词用在以下的结构里: Verb +sb/sth + to do sthThe boss made her work long hours. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补She 主语was made 谓语to work 主补long hours (by her boss).全国卷(I)No.18 While watching television, _____. A. The doorbell rang B. The doorbell rings C. We heard the doorbell ring D. We heard the ... ...