中考英语语法专题宾语从句

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 中考专题-宾语从句 【知识梳理】 宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。 1.I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) 2.I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） 3.I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） 4.I know him .（代词作宾语） 5.I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语） 6.She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语） 宾语从句三要素 1.连接词 2.语序 3.时态 （一）连接词 A.that引导(that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略) 例如： I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 一小时后他会回来 He said (that) he missed us very much. 他非常想念我们 The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. 地球围着太阳转 注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时 （△引导词that用于以下情况不可以省略） a.当宾语从句的主语是that时 He says that that is a useful book 他说那是一本有趣的书。 b.当并与从句为主从复合句时 I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it. 恐怕如果你丢了它，你必须赔偿。 c.当两个或者多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除了第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略外，其余从句中的that都不可以省略 He said （that）the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. B.从属连词whether, if 引导（意为“是否”，不作句子成分，不可省略） 例如： I want to know if (whether) he will go to the park with us. 他是否跟我们一起去公园 Ask him whether (if) he can come. 他是否能来 I don’t know whether it is going to rain or not. 是否要下雨 If 与whether 的区别 I don’t know _____ he will come or not. 与or not 连用只能用whether I don’t care of _____ he is handsome. 介词后只能用whether He wondered _____ to stay here the next week. 与to do 不定式连用只能用whether ____ he will come is not decided. 作主语只能用whether 考点例析： 1.We’ve given her some advice, but I don’t know ____ she’ll accept it. A. what B. where C. whether D. Which 2.Do you know _____ Shanghai or not tomorrow A. whether are they leaving for B. whether they are leaving for C. if they are leaving for D. if are they leaving for 注意：if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 If 有两个意思： “是否” ，引导宾语从句； “假如，如果”，引导条件状语从句。（遵循主将从现） 例句：We don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. If it rains, we won’t have a sports meeting.我们不知道明天是否下雨。如果下雨，我们就不开运动会了。 C.连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what引导 例如： He asked who could answer the question. 谁能回答这个问题 Do you know whom they are waiting for. 他们在等谁 He asked whose handwriting was the best in the class. 谁的书法是班上最好的 D.连接副词 when, where, how, why引导 例如： Please tell me when we’ll have a meeting. 我们什么时候开会 Can you tell me where he is. 他在哪儿 Could you tell me how I can get to the station. 我该怎么去车站 Would you tell me why the train is late. 为什么火车迟到了 考点例析： What a nice paper fish! Can you show us ____ you make it A. whether B. how C. why D. what (二)宾语从句的语序：陈述句语序，把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句，从句部分要用陈述句语 ... ...