GRAMMER 语法 陈述语气 I went to the theatre yesterday. Jack hadn’t come back home yet. 祈使语气 Let’s go. Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings. 一. 语气的分类 英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气: 陈述语气, 祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。 虚拟语气 If I were you, I would not leave her alone. Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon. 虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)是一种特殊的动词形式. 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等； 一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句, 也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。 * 条件句表示主句的条件, 分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。 a. 真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 b. 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。 Subjective mood If 型 Should +v型 类似if型 。。。 。。。 。。。 混杂条件句(各自为准) Were, had ,should提前，省略if 1. 一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求。 2. It is（necessary，strange…）+that… wish/as if Would rather/ if only It is (high) time that… But for/otherwise/ without 1.过去式 2.过去完成 3.could、would、might +v 1.过去式 2.过去完成 Should（不省） +v/ 过去式 1.Would,could,should,might+v 2.would,could,should,might +have done insist suggest 虚拟语气 Types if引导的虚拟条件句 由 ‘if’ 引导的虚拟条件句叫作 ‘if’虚拟条件句 I could easily recognize if I had seen him before. a. 表示与现在事实相反的假设 b. 表示与过去事实相反的假设 c. 表示与将来事实相反的假设 过去式 (were) had done would/could/should/might +V. (原) would/could/should/might +have done 1.过去式 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to do would/could/should/might +V. (原) 虚拟语气 1. If 型 条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 未来 1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 (1) 表示与现在事实相反的假设, 条件 状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be 动词的过去式用were)”, 而主句中的谓语动词“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。 虚拟语气 If I were a boy, I would join the army. What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would… If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world. If it were fine now, I would go shopping. a. If they ____ (be) here, they _____ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _____ (burst) out again, what _____ (happen) to our people on earth? were would take burst would happen PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. c. If the policeman _____ (be not) in that room, it _____ (be) very dangerous. d. If I ____ (be) in your position, I _____ (ask) for teacher’s help. were not could be were would ask 1. You had a dream that you were a teacher. What would you do if you were a teacher? 2. Suppose you won a lot of money. What would you do with the money? If I ____ a teacher, I…. were 2. 与过去的事实相反 从句的谓语用had＋过去分词, 构成If I (we, you, he, they)＋had＋过去分词的形式； 主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would (第二、三人称) /could/might have ＋动词过去分词。 If he _____ more carefully, he _____ the ... ...
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