高中英语必修1--4-各单元语法点

高中英语必修一 考点一： 直接引语&间接引语 （unit 1& unit 2） 引语的概念（以课文88页为主，本文重在方法提炼与巩固） 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语 直接引语通常都用引号括起来 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫间接引语 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _宾语从句 Direct SpeechShe said, “I like singing. ”She said, “I am waiting for a bus.” Indirect SpeechShe said she liked singingShe said she was waiting for a bus. 总结：直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.（见课本88） 补充： Direct SpeechShe asked, “Have you seen the film?” He asks, “Are you a doctor, John?”She asked us, “Where are you going to get off?”He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday?” Indirect SpeechShe asked me whether\if I had seen the film.He asks John if\whether he is a doctor. She asked us where we were going to get off.He asked them who had given them a talk the day before. 总结 直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。 解题步骤:1.陈述句 “I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends. 第一步Sarah said to her friends that I don’t like computers. （ I—she 时态said 过去式 don’t -- didn’t ） 第二步Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers. 2. 一般疑问句: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked him ) 第一步It is easy to improve the condition of the soil. 第二步They asked him if it is easy to improve the condition of the soil. 第三步Asked过去式 is-- was 第四步They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil. 3.特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him ) 第一步you harvest the wheat 第二步They asked him When you harvest the wheat. 第三步（you--he）(harvest-- harvested) 第四步They asked him when he harvested the wheat 考点二： 现在进行时表将来（ unit 3） 用现在进行时表示将来 　　1. 指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作；谓语通常为瞬间性的动词 　　如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, meet, get 等。 　　　　I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 　　　　He is coming back this Sunday. 这个星期他就回来了。 　　　　How are you getting there? 你怎么去哪啊？ 　　2. 在时间和条件状语从句中，有时也用进行时表示将来情况。 　　如：Don’t mention me when you are talking with him. 当你和他说话的时候不要提起我。 　　　　If he is doing his homework, don’t bother him. 如果他要做作业，不要打扰他。 现在进行时的基本用法 　　现在进行时是英语中的一种重要时态，其结构是：be + doing sth.。 　　a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。 　　　 We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。 　　b. 表示现阶段暂时的情况，说话时动作未必正在进行。 　　　 What are you doing recently? 　　　 Mr. Green is writing another novel.　 　　　 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。） 　　c. 表示发展中的或正在改变的情况，如：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 　　　 The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。 　　　 It‘s getting warmer and warmer. 天越 ... ...