2019中考英语专题复习：宾语从句学案

中考复习专题—宾语从句 一．定义 所谓定语从句指的是及物动词，复合谓语或介词后面的宾语为一个句子，那么此句子则为宾语从句,属于名词性从句[宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句]的一种。 二．连接词 1.从属连词 ：that/if/whether [that只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，并且无任何意义，通常可以省略；if和whether引导宾语从句，也只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，有具体的含义，翻译成‘是否’，不能省略。 I hope that I will visit Japan some day. They are talking about whether their plan should be cancelled because of the sudden rain. My father wondered if I was telling a lie. 2.连接代词：who/whom/whose/whoever/whomever/what/whatever/which/whichever等。连接代词在从句中要充当普通代词的成分，一般主语，宾语，宾补，表语和定语。 I can’t decide what I should buy at the shop. I will give you whatever you want. 3.连接副词：when/whenever/where/wherever/how/however/why等。 Can you tell me where the post office is? We are all curious about how we will go to the city center tomorrow. 三．宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是否定句，宾语从句都应当用陈述句语序。这也是宾语从句在考试中最重要的考点之一。 I don’t know how I can get to the post office. Can you tell me what you really want? They are discussing when they will meet at the school gate. Don’t ask me why I was late again.It is just an accident. It’s hard to decide where we will play soccer the day after tomorrow. I wonder what is happening there.It’s so noisy.[此处连词代词在宾语从句中本身充当主语，所以宾语从句仍然是陈述句语序] 四．时态 ①：宾语从句的时态往往根据具体从句的语境分析。 I don’t know whether he will come this afternoon. This photo always reminds me of what happened in my village many years ago. ②：主句的谓语动词为一般过去时，从句也要用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时等） He said he would go to Beijing for vacation the next day. He told me he had already finished his homework. ③：若宾语从句表达的是客观真理，事实，格言等永恒用一般现在时。 In the past,all of my students often asked me why the earth moves around the sun. My teacher used to say practice makes perfect. 注意事项 （一）引导宾语从句的if和whether 有哪些区别？ ①实用whether的场合 只用whether的场合 例句 在介词后 I am worrying about whether Tom will have time to play football with us tomorrow. 与不定式连用 We don’t know whether to accept his apology. 与or not 连用 I am wondering whether or not it will snow tomorrow. 在及物动词discuss,leave,put等后面 My brother’s leaders are discussing whether they should open up a branch company. 宾语前置（whether位于句首） Whether he will win the match,it’s hard to say. whether还可以引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句，if仅仅在有限的条件下引导主语从句（通常是it is...if...的句型，而且还不那么正式） The most troubling question is whether he will charge us with slander. ②：if后可接否定的宾语从句，whether 一般不这么用。 I don’t care if you will get angry with me,because it’s not my fault. （二）以if和when为例，引导状语从句和宾语从句的注意点 if作为‘如果’引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时， ... ...