（人教版）选修6 Unit 5 The power of nature动词-ing形式复习及练习

动词-ing形式复习 概念引入 动词-ing形式和过去分词是我们从初中就开始接触的非谓语动词，本单元我们就把学过的有关动词-ing形式的内容复习并小结一下。 看下面句子： 1. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. 2. I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory twenty years ago. 3. My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. 4. Are you interested in studying rocks and other things that make up the surface of the earth? 5. Can you imagine doing such dangerous work as part of your job? 这些句子中斜体词部分都是动词-ing形式及其宾语或状语等构成的短语，句1中短语作状语；句2中短语作定语，而且动词-ing形式带有状语“for...”；句3中短语作表语，表语中Mount Kilauea又带有which引导的定语从句；句4中短语作介词的宾语，而studying的宾语rocks and other things也带有that引导的定语从句；句5中短语作动词的宾语。那么动词-ing形式的用法是什么？使用时我们要注意什么呢？ 用法讲解 动词-ing形式概述 1. 特点： 1. 动词-ing形式（v-ing形式）是英语三大非谓语动词之一，另两个是不定式和过去分词； 2. 有动词特征：有时态和语态，可以有自己的宾语和状语； 3. 有名词、形容词和副词的特征：可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。 4. 可分为现在分词和动名词：现在分词相当于形容词或副词，一般作定语、状语、补足语和表示特点的表语；动名词相当于名词，一般作主语、宾语和表示主语内容的表语。 2. 构成： 基本形式：do＋ing 否定形式:“not doing” 注意：无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于v-ing形式之前。 动词-ing形式的时态、语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 3. 功能： 非谓语形式的所作成分对比 主语 定语 宾语 表语 状语 宾语补足语 v-ing形式 ( ( ( ( ( ( 不定式 ( ( ( ( ( ( 过去分词 ( ( ( ( 小结： 1. v-ing形式与不定式一样，可以作除了谓语外所有成分。 2. 过去分词因其只有形容词和副词的特点，不能作主语和宾语。 动词-ing形式的时态、语态 1. 动词-ing形式时态： 1）一般式: doing/ being done 表示v-ing形式的动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时或之后发生。 2）完成式: having done/ having been done 强调v-ing形式的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。（talk/laugh与went同时进行，用一般式） Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 由于已经在这个城市住了三年,她对它非常了解。 （强调live在knows之前已经完成，用完成式） Standing on top of the hill, you can see as far as the seaside. 站在山顶，你可以看到海边。 Having finished his homework, the boys went out to play football. 做完作业，男孩们去踢足球了。 2. 动词-ing形式的语态： 1）主动式：doing/ having done 2) 被动式：being done/ having been done I stole into the room without being noticed. 我偷偷地进了房间，没有人注意到。 （分词动作notice与“我”是被动关系，用被动语态；“被注意到”与“偷偷进入”是同时发生，用一般式；所以用一般式的被动态being noticed） Having been cheated many times, she now believes in nobody. ... ...