（人教版）高中英语选修八：Unit 4 Pygmalion复习过去分词及语法讲解2

复习过去分词2（作状语） 概念引入 在上一单元我们已经复习了过去分词作定语、表语和补足语，本单元我们继续复习过去分词作状语的用法，并小结非谓语动词的做题技巧。 先看下面句子： 1. Now once taught by me, she’d become an upper class lady... 2. Once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess. 3. Placed inside the rooms, statues of Gods seem to guard the large sleeping Buddha. 4. Bitten by the snake in the bush, Susan was sent back to the camp. 这些句子中斜体词部分都是过去分词短语作状语，其中句1和句2是条件状语，句3是方式状语；句4是原因状语。那么用过去分词作状语时要注意什么呢？作状语时与动词-ing形式和不定式有什么区别呢？下面我们将就这些问题进行讨论。 用法讲解 过去分词作状语1 【非谓语动词之过去分词--作状语】 过去分词或短语作状语时，表示被动和完成，在句子中一般可表示时间、原因等。 1. 时间状语 Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. 知道了他母亲病了，李雷赶紧回了家。 Seen from the moon, the earth looks green. 从月球上看，地球是绿色的。 2. 原因状语 Broken down on the highway, his car was carried away by the police. 他的车在公路上出了故障，被警方拖走了。 Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 老师对他做的很满意，在班上表扬了他。 3. 条件状语 Given a few minutes, I’ll finish it. 给我几分钟，我就会完成它。 Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 与你相比，我仍然有很长的路要走。 4. 让步状语 Explained a hundred times, he still can’t understand it. 给他解释了上百次，他仍然不明白。 Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool. 一天训练10小时，他也还是个蠢人。 5. 结果状语 He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken. 他从一棵很高的树上掉了下来，腿骨折了。 The cup fell down to the ground, broken.? 杯子落到地上，碎了。 注意： 有些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来，成为单独的短语，在句子中作状语。如： 1. exactly / honestly / frankly / generally speaking 准确地说/老实地说/坦率地说/一般说来 Exactly speaking, he got here at eight fourteen this morning. 确切地说，他今天早晨8点14分到这里的。 Generally speaking, a snake won’t attack a man unless it is bothered. 总的来说，蛇如果没被搅扰就不会咬人。 2. judging from / by... 从/ 根据某东西判断 Judging by his accent, he is from Hunan. 从他的口音判断，他是湖南人。 Judging from what he said, he is very honest. 根据他的话判断，他很诚实。 3. providing / provided …假如/ 如果 Providing he follows our advice, we can help him. 如果他听我们的建议，我们可以帮助他。 Provided he is free, he is sure to come. 假如他有时间，他肯定会来。 4. considering... 考虑到 Considering he was just a little boy, we didn’t punish him. 考虑到他只是个小孩，我们没有惩罚他。 Considering it was late, we didn’t discuss the question. 考虑到时间晚了，我们没有讨论这个问题。 5. thinking of... 想到/ 考虑到 Thinking of the environment we live in, the waste can’t be thrown away around directly. 考虑到我们所生活的环境，废物不能随手扔掉。 6. talking of... 谈到/ 说到 Talking of math, he became excited. 说到数学，他非常激动。 7. 其它常见短语： taking...into consideration 把某事考虑 ... ...