Unit 1 Living Well Period 4 Grammar 教案 I．Teaching aims: 1.Learn the infinitives forms and tenses 2.Anylize its parts used in a sentence. 3.Do some exercises II. Procedures Step1. Show a picture and a sentence: Do you believe I can fly like a bird?由此产生句子： To see is to believe. It’s impossible for humans to fly like a bird now. Step2. 叙述概念及结构 不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由 “ to+动词原形” 构成,没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语.但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。 结构 : to do;(否定) not to do 二. 时态与语态形式 一、不定式所作成分 1. 作主语2. 作宾语3. 作宾语补足语4. 作定语5. 作状语6. 作表语7. 作独立成分 8. 与疑问词等连用 分述： (1).不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语. To see is to believe. It’s impossible for humans to fly like a bird now. (2).不定式作表语 My job is to protect the world. Your task is to_____ . (3) 不定式作宾语 He likes to_____. I found it still necessary to _____ if he want to win. think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope, refuse, learn, set out choose, decide, agree, manage, pretend, plan. (4). 不定式作宾补 The teacher told me to_____. I expect you to_____. warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等 五看watch;see;look at; observe;notice; 一感: feel 三使: let; make; have 二听: listen to ; hear I made him do his work.-- He was made to do his work (by me). 不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to. (1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go. (3).What do you like to do besides sleep. (5).不定式作定语 I have something to say. But my brother has a lot of homework _____. So I am looking for someone _____. 1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 He is looking for a room to live in. 2. 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。 He had no money and no place to live. 3. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。 注意比较： 1) Have you anything to send? 你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式to send的动作执行者是you） 2) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？ （不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else） (6) 不定式作状语in order to , so as to ,enough to ,only to , too….to., I got up early to_____. I came here to_____. (7).独立结构 To tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment. to be frank, to be honest, to tell the truth (8). 与疑问词等连用 He didn’t know_____. 不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。 He didn’t know what to say.(宾语) How to solve the problem is very important.(主语) My question is when to start. (表语) 注意： 在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Why not have a rest? (9) 固定句型: had better/had best + (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事 Why (not) do ... ...
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