高考英语句子成分讲解课件（63张PPT）

课件63张PPT。 句子成分及练习 英语的词性： 名词(noun) n. 代词(pronoun) pron. 实词 数词(numeral) num. 形容词(adjective) adj. 或a. 副词(adverb) adv. 动词(verb) v 冠词(article) art. 虚词 介词(preposition) prep. 连词(conjunction) conj. 感叹词(interjection) inter. 句子成分 句子成分的定义： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分有主语和谓语； 次要成分有宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语、同位语和插入语。（一）主语：主语 (Subject) 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事. 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. （名词）（代词）（数词） （不定式）（动名词）（名词化的形容词） 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. （主语从句）（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）试一试：?指出下列句中主语的中心词?.①?The?teacher?with?two?of?his?students? is?walking?into?the?classroom. ②?There?is?an?old?man?coming?here. ③?The?useful?dictionary?was?given?by?my?mother?last?year. ④?To?do?today's?homework?without?the? teacher's?help?is?very?difficult. （二）谓语 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. （二）谓语 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成。如： Do you speak English？ They are working in a field. He has caught a bad cold. （3）由系动词加表语构成。如： We are students. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。 (二).?选出句中谓语的中心词.? ①?I?don't?like?the?picture?on?the?wall. ????A.?don't??????B.?like???C.?picture???D.?wall ②?The?days?get?longer?and?longer?when?summer?comes. A.?get?????B.?longer?????C.?days??D.?summer ③?Do?you?usually?go?to?school?by?bus? A.?Do???? B.?usually?? C.?go????? D.? ④?There?will?be?a?meeting?at?the?library?this?afternoon. A.?will?be??B.?meeting??C.?the?library?D.?afternoon ⑤?Did?the?twins?have?porridge?for?their?breakfast? ????A.?Did?????????B.?twins?????C.?have???D.?breakfast⑥?Tom?didn't?do?his?homework?yesterday. A.?Tom?????B.?didn't????C.?do?????D.?his?homework ⑦?What?I?want?to?tell?you?is?this. ????A.?want????????B.?to?tell?????C.?you???????D.?is ⑧?We?had?better?send?for?a?doctor. ????A.?We??????????B.?had?????????C.?send????D.?doctor ⑨?He?is?interested?in?music. ????A.?is????????????B.?interested?????C.?in?????D.?music ⑩?Whom?did?you?give?my?book?to? ????A.?give????????B.?did????????????C.?whom???D.?book （三）表 ... ...