小学英语新版-牛津译林版—语音规则

小学阶段需要掌握的语音规则 一．元音字母的发音规则 1. “a” 的读音 ① / e? /： 在开音节中（以不发音的“e”或元音字母结尾的称为“开音节”） plane, table, name, cake, grape, plate, make, skate, radio, game, shape, face, grade, take, late, ( 特殊：apple, have ) ② / ? /：在闭音节中 bag, that, thank, happy, cat, animal, lantern, map, hat, rabbit, black, stand, and, panda, Maths, ③ / ? /： “a” 在 /w/ 后面 watch, wash, what, want ( 特殊：water ) /ɑ: /：一般和“s”有关 / ?: / ask, class, glass, vase, basketball, mask, dance, can’t, after, father, banana, ⑤ / e /：和 “any”有关 any, anything, many, anywhere ⑥ / ? /：在轻读音节 about，banana，China, breakfast 其余特殊读音：/? / orange， / e? / parent 2. “e” 的读音 ① / i:/：在开音节中 these, he, she, me, we, Chinese, zebra ② / e /：在闭音节中let, get, bed, egg, vest, help, chess, lesson, guess （特殊cereal / ?? / ） ③ / ?/：在轻读音节或“e”在开头 English, eleven, excuse, behind, beside, December （特殊：evening / i:/, every、exercise / e /） 3. “i” 的读音 ① / a? /：在开音节中 white, like, kite, nine, five, knife, ice, fine, find, bite, slide, beside, (例外：live, fridge, little, give) ② / ? /：在闭音节中it, his, him, with, ill, live, swim, ring, sing, chicken, pig, listen, window, ③ / i: / police (man / woman), ski, magazine, kilo 4. “o”的读音 ① / ?? /：在开音节hello, photo, go, sofa, note, close, old, home, nose, over, post, cold, only ② / ? /：在闭音节中often, lot, sorry, clock, dog, doctor, orange, hot, coffee, on, wrong, from, ③ /Λ/ “o” 在 “m, n, v, th”之前 some, come, son, love, mother, monkey, London, stomach, glove, worry ( 特殊：woman/ ? / ) ④ / ? /：在轻读音节 today, tomorrow 5. “u” 的读音 ① /ju: / 在开音节中 student, music, computer, excuse, beautiful ② / u: / juice, fruit, blue, ruler ③ /Λ/ 在闭音节中but, duck, must, puppet, pumpkin, study, run, jump, uncle, much, Sunday （例外：busy / ? / ） / ? / put, pull, ~ful ( beautiful, careful … ) 6. y为半元音， 发音类似于“i ” ① “y” 在开头发/ j / year, yellow, you, your, yes ② “y” 在末尾发/ ? / lovely, library, family, baby, forty 二. 字母组合的发音 1. 元音字母组合 1）al / ?: / wall, ball, small, also,(也是)，all, wall, call 2）ar /ɑ:/ car, bar, park, party, start, large, garden, are, star, art 注意：ar /ɑ:/ 在/ w / 后变音读成 / ?:/ quarter 3）ai (ay) 发/ e? / play, stay, say, waiter, day ( 特殊：say加s, says /e/ ) 4）ee / i: / meet, see, three, tree, sleep, sweep, Halloween, green, need 5）ea A. / i: / please, tea, teach, teacher, each, eat, peach, clean, seat B. / e / sweater, head, breakfast, bread, ready （特殊：/ e? / great， /?? /：really, idea, cereal ） 6）ear A. / ?? / ear, near, hear, dear, year, appear B. / e? / bear, pear, wear 7）ere A. / ?? / here B. / e? / where, there 8）or A. / ?: / for, forty, horse, morning, or ( 特殊： orange / ?r/ ) B. /?:/：“or”在/w/后面变音发/ ?: / word, world, work, worker 9）oo A. / ? / good, look, book, foot, cook, took, hooray, wood B. / u:/ zoo, school, too, room ... ...