2020版高考英语二轮复习全国版一、语法部分（课件+学案）

一、语法部分? 1.八大句子成分 一 主语———动作或状态的执行者 主语是句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物，表示句子描述的是谁或什么，除倒装句外，一般位于句子的开头。主语通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。 ①The Student Table Tennis Team of our school is looking for new members right now. 我们学校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。(名词短语作主语) ②To start with, what I intend to stress is that we are about to start our next lesson in Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10 am next Friday. 首先，我想强调的是下星期五上午10点在教学楼第8教室我们将开始下堂课。(从句作主语) ③Forming a good habit in our daily life is of great benefit to us. 日常生活中养成好习惯对我们非常有益。(动名词短语作主语) 即时练1　 ①不同的人喜欢不同的季节；我最喜欢的季节是春季。(名词短语作主语) _____ like different seasons; _____ is spring. ②与别人友好相处是你应该学会的第二件事。(不定式短语作主语) _____ is the second thing you should learn. ③我打算告诉你的是关于我们学校向你们班赠书之事。(从句作主语) _____ is about our school's donation of books to your class. 答案：①Different people; my favourite season　②To get along well with others　③What I am going to tell you 二 谓语———主语的行为或状态 英语中动词一共分为三大类：实义动词、连系动词和助动词，实义动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。实义动词可以单独作谓语，其他种类的动词都不能单独作谓语，连系动词需要和表语构成谓语；助动词及情态动词需要和实义动词一起构成谓语。 ①The earthquake happened in 2016. 地震发生在2016年。(实义动词作谓语) ②The cake smells good. 蛋糕闻起来很好。(“连系动词＋表语”作谓语) ③I have already filled in the application form. 我已经填好了申请表。(“助动词＋实义动词”作谓语) 即时练2　 ①半小时后，我设法找到了正确答案。(实义动词作谓语) Half an hour later, I _____ to find the correct answer. ②他早上七点起床时，脑海里突然有了个大计划。(动词或动词短语作谓语) When he _____ at 7：00 am, a big plan _____ him. ③手表在我们日常生活中是必要的，但它的功能太简单呆板了。(系表结构作谓语) The watch _____ in our daily life, but its fun_ction _____. ④对于组织课堂活动，我们可能有不同的观点。(“情态动词＋实义动词”作谓语) We _____ different opinions in organizing class activities. 答案：①managed　②got up; occurred to　③is necessary; is too simple and dull　④may have 三 宾语———动作的承受者 宾语是动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词或介词的后面。可以用作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词或从句等。 ①If you are interested in the Chinese folk art, please e-mail me. 如果你对中国民间艺术感兴趣，请给我发邮件。(名词短语作宾语；代词作宾语) ②I plan to go for an outing, and I would like to invite you to participate. 我计划去郊游，我想邀请你参加。(不定式作宾语) ③I think all our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities. 我认为我们所有的同班同学从交流和各种各样的活动中学到了很多东西。(从句作宾语) ④What he says suggests that he cares little about others' pain or trouble, even if they're his friends. 他说的话表明他很少关心他人的痛苦或困难，即使他们是他的朋友。 ... ...