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课件网) * 1 1 知识准备 什么是定语： 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。 定语 修饰和限定名词和代词的词。通常由形容词，代词(多为形容词性物主代词），数词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词和从句（定语从句）来担当。 a kind girl, a book on the desk I have homework to finish. the fallen leaves the man who is tall 从句 * 2 2 定语从句的基本结构 The man who is tall is our chairman . He who is tall is our chairman * 3 3 定语从句的定义 在复合句中，修饰名词或者代词的从句就叫做定语从句。 1. 被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词叫做先行词。定语从句一般放在它后面。 2. 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。 常见的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that。 常见的关系副词 when(时间), where(地点), why(原因) 4. 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 * 4 4 关系词的分类 * 5 关系代词 关系副词 起连词作用，本身又作从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语 即起连接作用，本身又在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语 who,whom(…的人） whose(某人的…） which(…东西，指物) that(…的人或物，指物或人） as(象…那样的，和…相同，正如) when(…的时候，修饰的时间名词) where(…的地方修饰场所、方位等名词) why(…原因；…理由) 5 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用： _____（连接定语从句和主句,主句后从句前） 2. _____（替代前面的先行词,人或物,时间,地点,原因） 3. _____（在定语从句中当句子成分,主语,宾语,定语,状语） 连接 替代 做成分 关系词的作用 * 6 6 关系代词的分析 * 7 关系代词 先行词 指人？指物? 在句中充当什么成分 例句分析 Rules who I am looking for a girl who lived in hangzhou. whom The girl whom you are looking for is Jane. whose There is a lake called the Westlake whose area is 6.4square km. that I don't know the man that you mentioned. A plane is a machine that can fly. which The pen which my uncle gave me is missing. Children like to read books which have wonderful picture. as We have found such materials as are used in their factroy. He is not the same man as he was. 7 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换。 eg.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。eg. A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） * 8 8 关系代词的练习 用that,who,which,whom ... ...
