2020届高三英语二轮专题复习学案：写作（用途各异的被动语态、虚拟语气、倍数和比较句型）含答案

第 4 页 共 4 页 2020届高三英语二轮专题复习学案：写作（用途各异的被动语态、虚拟语气、倍数和比较句型）含答案 用途各异的被动语态、虚拟语气、倍数和比较句型 被动语态、虚拟语气、倍数和比较句型等在书面表达中都属于高级句式，它们的合理运用都能给文章增色添彩。 一、用英文思维的被动语态 英文中被动语态的使用比汉语更多、更普遍。一般说来，当强调动作的承受者、不必说出动作的执行者或执行者不明确时，多用被动语态。被动语态因为更突出客观事实而被广泛使用。所以同学们在写作时也应该注意多用被动语态，以赢得更高的分数。 1．主动语态变被动语态 ①We can borrow at most five books at a time, and we can keep them for ten days. →At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days. ②When we put some waste chemicals into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. →When some waste chemicals are put into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. 2．写作中常见的被动语态 (1)be＋过去分词(be可使用各种时态) ①The exhibition will be held from 9：00 am to 5：00 pm the day after tomorrow in the art gallery.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) 展览将于后天上午9时至下午5时在美术馆举行。 ②Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language.(2014·江苏高考书面表达) 当今，越来越多的英语词汇正在汉语中使用。 (2)情态动词＋be＋过去分词 ①To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced. 为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。 ②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now. 正如从表中所看到的，如今在中国拥有手机的人越来越多。 (3)get＋过去分词 ①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.(2014·北京高考满分作文) 通往存车处的入口太小了，经常堵车。 ②I'm feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because my left foot got injured.(2014·北京高考满分作文) 我很抱歉地告诉你我不得不改变我们七月份去云南旅游的计划，因为我的左脚受伤了。 [即时演练]　句型转换(主动语态变被动语态) 1．Above all, we must do something to stop pollution. →Above_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop_pollution. 2．It is true that many things determine our future. →It_is_true_that_our_future_is_determined_by_many_things. 3．The boss made him work all day long. →He_was_made_to_work_all_day_long. 4．I suggest that you (should) make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds. →It_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_friends_with_people_having_different_characteristics_or_backgrounds. 二、委婉动听的虚拟语气 虚拟语气是高中阶段较难掌握的句型之一，在运用时要注意表达的准确性。在高考作文中，不常需要表达不可能实现的非真实条件，而一般表达要求、愿望或者强调论述观点的客观性。 1．陈述语气变虚拟语气 ①I didn't take his advice, so I failed in the exam. →If I had taken his advice, I wouldn't have failed in the exam. ②It's time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals. →It's time that we took/should take measures to protect endangered animals. 2．写作中常见的虚拟语气 (1)if型虚拟语气，“如果……，就……” Secondly, if I were you, I wo ... ...