2020年高考英语二轮语法复习讲练结合 专题十一 句子种类（word含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 专题十一 句子种类 一、 句子种类： 分类 句子种类 例句 按使用目的 陈述句 肯定句 He is six years old. 否定句 She didn’t hear of you before. 疑问句 一般 Do they like skating? 特殊 How old is he? 选择 Is he six or seven years old? 反意 Mary can swim, can’t she? 祈使句 Be careful, boys. Don’t talk in class 感叹句 How clever the boy is! What a clever boy he is! 按结构 简单句 He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. 并列句（由并列连词and, but, or等或分号把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起） You help him and he helps you. The food was good, but he had little appetite. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 复合句（含有一个或以上从句） The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. 二、简单句的五种基本句型 句型 例句 1、主语+系动词+表语 He is a student. 2、主语+不及物动词 We work. 3、主语+及物动词+宾语 Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补） Tom made the baby laugh. 三、并列句 分类 常用并列连词 例句 联合并列句 and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等 The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. 转折并列句 but, still, however, yet, while, when等 He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 选择并列句 or, either…or…, otherwise等 Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. 因果并列句 so, for, therefore等 It was late, so we went home. 四、感叹句 1、感叹句用法：表示说话人的强烈的感情。 讲解 句型 例句 What What引导的感叹句的中心词是名词 What＋(a / an)＋形容词＋名词＋（主语＋谓语）！ 1)What a cold day (it is)! 今天天气真冷啊！ 2)What an old house (it is)! 这间房子真老啊！ 3)What nice air (it is)! 空气真好啊！ How How引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。 How＋形容词／副词＋（主语＋谓语）！ 6)How cold（it is ）today! 今天天气真冷啊！ 7)How happy （the children are）! 孩子们真愉快啊！ 8)How hard（the student works）! 这个学生学习多努力啊！ 2、注意点：在复数可数名词和不可数名词之前不可用 “how+形容词” 构成感叹句，而应用 “what+形容词+复数可数名词或不可数名词”。也就是说how +形容词可置于带不定冠词的单数名词之前构成感叹句。 1) What great changes we have had these years! 这些年我们的变化真大呀! 不可说成How great changes we have had these years! 2) What good news it is! 多么好的消息呀! 不可说成How good news it is! 五、祈使句 表示请求或命令的句子是祈使句。谓语动词无时态与数的词形变化，与动词原形同形。祈使句一般用降调，为使祈使句听起来比较婉转，可用低升调，祈使句句末用句号或感叹号。 一、祈使句有两种类型：含有第二人称和带有第一、三人称主语的祈使句。每种类型又有肯定形式和否定形式。用don't：否定时，只能用其缩略式。 1 含有第二人称的祈使句 Be sure to come on time．请务必按时来。 Don't ever do that again．请不要做那事了。 2 带有第一、三人称主语的祈使句(通常以let为引导词) Let's have a rest． 咱们休息一会儿。 Let us try again． 让我们再试试。 Don't let's open the window． 咱们 ... ...