第5讲 情态动词和虚拟语气 [小题夯基练] 单句语法填空 1．They _____ (arrive) at suppertime but their flight was delayed. 解析：should have arrived [should have done sth.意为“(过去)本应该做某事而未做”，分析句意可得出答案。] 2．Maybe if I _____ (study) science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help. 解析：had studied [根据then一词可确定此处表示与过去事实相反，故if引导的从句部分用had done形式。] 3．Teachers recommend parents _____ (not allow) their children to watch too much TV. 解析：(should) not allow [recommend，suggest，advise，order，request，insist等表示“建议、命令、要求”等意思的动词，后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略，此处表示老师建议家长不允许孩子看太多电视。] 4．He always acts as if he _____(know) everything. 解析：knew [在as if引导的方式状语从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反。] 5．If we had taken such effective measures much earlier，the river _____ (not pollute) so seriously now. 解析：would not be polluted [从句表示与过去事实相反，由now可知，主句表示与现在事实相反，故主句谓语动词用“would＋动词原形”，且river与pollute构成被动关系。] 6．—What will you do during the summer holiday? —I don't know，but it's high time that I _____ (decide) something. 解析：decided/should decide [在It's (high) time that...中，that从句应用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should do或过去式。] 7．—Where have you been? —I _____ (stick) in the heavy traffic.Otherwise I _____ (come) here earlier. 解析：was/got stuck；would have come [第一空表示过去的一个客观事实，用一般过去时；第二空表示与过去相反的虚拟语气主句用would have done结构。] 8．—Would you mind if I set out earlier tomorrow morning? —Well，I would rather you _____ (not do)． 解析：didn't [would rather后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。] 9．I _____ (not decide) to give a try，but for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it”． 解析：wouldn't have decided [but for后的真实句表示过去的情况，故空格处的虚拟主句用would have done结构。] 10．Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy _____ (save) then. 解析：would/could/might have been saved [if虚拟条件句的倒装结构和主句均是对过去情况的虚拟，且主语time and energy 和动词save构成被动关系。] [大题提能练] 语法填空———情态动词和虚拟语气专练 Lucy is an outgoing lady.She __1__ play many kinds of musical instruments.Actually，she __2__ play the piano when she was 8 years old.Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day.She says that she has to do some sports because she __3__ keep slim.“You __4__ get fat soon if you don't take exercise every day.”She usually says to her friends. As for her，an elegant lady should try to keep fit.However，last week，she found that she __5__ put on weight and her husband suggested that she __6__ lose weight.And these days she'd rather that she __7__ (take) more exercise every day.However，she is always lacking in time because she has to take care of her children. One night after supper， ... ...
