人教版高一英语必修二Unit 3 Computers Grammar课件(39张）

课件39张PPT。Unit 3Unit 3 ComputersThe Present Perfect Passive Voice 现在完成时的被动语态GrammarLook at the following sentence, paying attention to the underlined part.Over time I have been changed a lot.The Present Perfect Passive VoiceCan you pick out more than two sentences in the present perfect passive voice from the reading passage?现在完成时的被动语态的谓语构成形式： The results of their experiments have already been published. The party has been planned since the new year. 肯定式：have / has（has只用于第三人称单数，其余人称用have） + been + 及物动词的过去分词。They haven’t been told about it yet. 否定式：_____+及物动词的过去分词。 —Have his books been sold out? —Yes. So you can’t buy one now. 一般疑问句形式： _____+及物动词的过去分词?have / has + not + beenHave / Has +主语+ beenHow many experiments have been done by the students this month? 特殊疑问句形式： 疑问词+have / has +been+及物动词的过去分词?现在完成时的被动语态通常有以下两种情况： 表示过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常与之连用的时间状语有：for+一段时间，since+时间状语（从句），these days, so far, up to now, in the last / past few years等。 e.g. This class have been taught by Mr. Brown for two years. His Chinese has been improved a lot since he came to China. JK Rowling’s novels have been translated into many foreign languages so far.表示某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等连用。 e.g. The bike has not been repaired yet. I have already been introduced to Mr. Smith.【注意】 1) 现在完成时被动语态的两个助动词：have／has和been缺一不可。 2) 注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。 一般过去时被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。e.g. The machine has been repaired． 机器已经修好了。(说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，修好了。) The machine was repaired yesterday． 机器昨天修了。(只说明动作发生在昨天。)3) 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。 e.g. The orphans have been taken good care of here． 孤儿们在这里受到很好的照顾。4) 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。 [误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.5) 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等 构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与 表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。 如： My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought?6) 只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 e.g. We have built many houses in the past ten years. →Many houses have been built in the past ten years.7) 带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, tell, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被 ... ...