(
课件网) Revision of Passive Voice and the Passive Infinitive Unit 2 Grammar Go over the passive voice be+ V+-ed/-en/-t My hamburger was eaten by the dog. The toy is made by hand. 一、使用被动语态的情况 1. 我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执 行者是谁的时候(这时不带by引起的短语)。 Printing was introduced to Europe from China. (省略了by短语。） Look! There is nothing here. Everything has been taken away. (省略了by短语。） 2. 当我们出于礼貌、措辞圆通等方面的 考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时。 You are requested to give a performance. You are cordially(诚挚地) invited to a party to be given at the Teachers' Club at 3 p.m. Nov. 23. 3. 当我们强调或兴趣在动作的承受者 时(这时可带by引起的短语)。 The song was composed（组成; 写作） by a student. 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时 态的变化而变化。以give为例，各种时 态的被动语态形式为： 一般现在时：am/is/are＋given 【例句】 The first section of New College English is designed for speaking practice and is based on pictures and topics. 二、被动语态的时态结构构成 一般过去时：was/were＋ given 【例句】 These computers were made in our own country. 一般将来时：will/shall be＋given 【例句】 Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony? 过去将来时：would be＋given 【例句】 The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 现在进行时：am/is/are being＋given 【例句】The machine is being repaired in the workshop. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, ____and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed 过去进行时：was/were being＋given 【例句】 The house was being painted when Tom came back . 现在完成时：have/has been＋given 【例句】 Swift progress has also been made in culture and education. 过去完成时：had been＋given 【例句】 The huge bridge had been damaged before the World WarⅡ. 将来完成时：will/shall have been＋given 【例句】 The book will have been published by the end of next month. 1. 系动词，包括感官类，变化类，持续类，表象类，终结类 等等。 look, seem, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, became, get, turn, remain, stay, prove, turn out 等 The dish tastes delicious. The theory proved right at last. 三、不可以变成被动语态情况 wash, write, shut, beg, equal, fail，contain, cost, fit, have，lack, sell, read, write resemble(相似), suit 等。 The book is so interesting that it sells well. This kind of cloth washes well. (耐洗) This new English-Chinese dictionary cost me ten dollars. 2. 某些表示状态或者特征的及物动词有时候也没有被动语态形式。这类动词常见的有： 如：战争爆发了。 可以说： The war broke out . 但不能说：The war was broke out. 3. 通常只有及物动词（组）才有被动语态，不及物动词没有。 1. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon ___ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returned D. had returned In some parts of the world, tea ____ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 3. The new dictionaries are very u ... ...
