(
课件网) 名 词 主讲老师：赵艳 普通名词 专有名词 （人名、地名） 可数名词 不可数名词 名词 名词单数的表达 一般可用a，an，one来修饰。 注意：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前 *a book * an English book * an hour flower flowers 找规律,总结规则 watch es factory-factories leaf -- leaves box es 名词的复数形式 1.规则变化 (1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/ * dog – dogs * book – books (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/ *box – boxes *watch – watches (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/ * country – countries * factory – factories 请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” * boy – boys holiday-holidays * monkey – monkeys (4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/ * half – halves * shelf – shelves * knife – knives * leaf – leaves 要点考点聚焦 找规律 tomatoes potatoes heroes 英雄吃马铃薯和西红柿 pianos (5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外 * piano – pianos * zoo – zoos potato – potatoes tomato – tomatoes 2.不规则变化 (1)单复数同形 Chinese – Chinese fish – fish Japanese – Japanese sheep–sheep (2)变元音字母oo为ee tooth – teeth foot – feet (3).变man为 men man – men woman – women policeman – policemen Frenchman – Frenchmen 请区别：German(德国人) – Germans (“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面) child--children woman--women sheep man--men (4).常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes shoes trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 * My clothes are newer than yours. 3.可数名词可以被a, an, one, two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ， some等修饰 *There are a few people in the park. *How many knives are there in your pencil-box? ★不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。 work chalk time space music money weather homework wood information news medicine 1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数 *Some bread is over there. *No news is good news. 2.不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two等修饰，常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any等修饰 *They had much money. *He does little housework at home. * a rice (X) two bread (X) 3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变 *a bag of apples *a piece of paper *three glasses of orange 4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情 况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯) work(工作) – a work(著作) time(时间) – times(次数) 名词所有格 表示名词间的所有关系“ …的” 一.名词所有格的构成方法 1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“’s” Kangkang’s father Lucy’s book 2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ’”即可 Teachers’ office The Greens’ house 3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s” * Children’ s Day * men’ s shoes 4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语 *the color of the wall *a picture of the classroom ★名词的用法 1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数 * There are three banana trees over there. 2. man woman用做定语时,应与后面的 ... ...
