高考英语倒装句讲义

倒装: 为了强调或平衡句子结构，英语中常用倒装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。 (1) 全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。e.g. At the bottom of the bed was the stocking. (2) 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。e.g. Were I you, I wouldn’t give up. I.全部倒装 在表示方向、地点的副词或某些介词词组开头的句子 副词如：there, here, out, in, up, down, away, in front of, now, then, off等 介词短语如：south of the city, to the north of the city等 e.g.：There goes the bell.铃响了。 Away went the boy. In front of the house was a small garden. From the window came the sound of music. At the bottom of the bed was the stocking. Off the bike fell the overjoyed boy. Under the tree stands a boy. =A boy is standing under the tree. （倒装时现在进行时变一般现在时） 注意：但是如果主语是人称代词（I,you,he she,it,they,we）主语和谓语顺序不变，也就是半倒装。 e.g.：Here it is. Here you are. Away he went. Up went the rocket. Up it went. 2. 表语 (adj./ 分词 )置句首 （当句子主语部分较长，谓语部分较短，或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用全部倒装。句子的结构为“表语+系动词+主语”） e.g.：Present at the meeting were XX and XX. Gone are the days when we were young. II.部分倒装 1.含有否定意义的词语在句首 否定词有never, not, not only, little, seldom, hardly, few, nowhere, scarcely, neither, nor, no longer, not until, not once, in no way, in no case, at no time, no sooner than, hardly when等等。 特别注意：in no time 的意思是马上，不含否定意思，因此它置句首句子不倒装！！！ e.g.：Not only was there no electricity, but (also) no water. Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons. Not until he left home did he begin to realize the importance of family.(not...until句型的倒装) Seldom do I get up at five in the morning. Never will he forget his first time to take a plane. Hardly had I got out of the house when it began to rain. 2. Only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句置句首时 e.g.：(1) Only then did I begin my work. Only then did I know the importance of English. (2) Only in this way can you make progress in your English. Only in this way can you learn from your friends. (3) Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information. 3. as取代though的让步状语从句，引起的句子成分提前 (adj./adv./n./v.) e.g.1（表语提前）：Proud as the nobles are, they are afraid to see me. e.g.2（表语提前，去掉a）：Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. e.g.3（状语提前）：Hard as you try, you will not succeed. e.g.4（谓语提前，可保留情态动词）：Wait as you may, he will not see you. 4. 虚拟条件从句省略if时（只有if后面跟should,had,were时可省略if） e.g.：(1) Had he known my address, he would have visited me earlier. Had Mark invited me I would have been glad to come. (2) Should I meet Jay Chou some day, I might tell him that I like him. Should you need more information,please let me ... ...