(课件网) 英语新目标 八年级下 Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. Section A Grammar focus-4c How long have you had that bike over there? I’ve had it for three years. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. Have you ever played football? Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now. Grammar Focus 相互转换 表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用， （ ） + 一段时间”、“（ ）+过去点时间”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以（ ） Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时 since for e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years. = My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. I’ve?lived?here?since?1990． 自从1990年以来我就住在这里。?? I?haven’t?seen?him?for?three?years. 我三年没有看见他了。?? 含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since 把时间带。 She’s?been?at?this?school?since?five years?ago.?? 自从五年前她就在这个学校。?? 口诀 for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大： （1）for后须接“时间段” e.g. He has studied English for five years. 他学英语5年了。 （2）since后须接“时间点” e.g. He has studied English since 1999. 他从1999年开始学英语。 for 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用 （3）二者可以转换 for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago e.g. He has been here for five weeks. = He has been here since five weeks ago. 他到这儿已经有五个星期了。 e.g. He has taught here since he came to China. 自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。 We have been friends since we met in school. 我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。 （4） since能引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时)，而for则不能。 （6）均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延续性动词的否定式连用。 e.g. I have had this computer since four years ago. I haven’t bought anything for two months. I haven’t heard from him for 3 weeks. 非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与for 或 since引出的短语(或句子)连用，但在否定句中是可以的，因为一个非延续性动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可以延续的。如： I haven’t seen him for a long time. 我很久没见到他了。 He hasn’t come here for some time. 他有段时间没来了。 I haven’t heard from her since she left. 自她离开以后，我一直没收到她的来信。 （7）二者引出的时间状语往往用 how long提问。 e.g. —How long have you had this book? —For a week./Since a week ago. ———这本书你买多久了? ———买一周了。 此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的 动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)。 1. 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) I’ve had the book for five years. ( ) × √ 句中动词的特点 2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( ) × √ 1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow — buy — put on — catch a cold — get to know — get to sleep — 非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换 keep h ... ...
