高考语法考点突破2：定语从句（含解析）

高考语法考点2 定语从句 【语法精讲】 题型 典题试做 考点解读 语法填空 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soiltesting program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. (2018·浙江卷6月)Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 关系代词的基本用法； 关系副词的基本用法； “介词＋关系代词”的用法 考点一 　　　　　　关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 关系代词that和which的用法区别 只用that的情况 先行词是all, few, little, much, something, anything, nothing等不定代词时 先行词被the only, the very, the same, all等修饰时 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词既有人又有物时 关系代词that和which的用法区别 只用which的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时 关系代词指物，且前有介词时 关系代词as和which的用法区别　 as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see, know, expect, say, mention, report等 which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系 ◆(2018·北京卷)She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit. 她和她的家人骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。 ◆(2017·北京卷)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感。 ◆(2017·天津卷)My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 我大儿子的工作需要他奔波于世界各地，他现在在纽约。 ◆(全国卷Ⅰ)“You can’t judge a book by its cover，” as the old saying goes. 正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相。” (1)whom, which, that在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用that； (2)as用在限制性定语从句中时，常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as(像……一样的，像……之类的)；the same＋名词＋as(和……同样的)。 ◆Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。　 [对点演练]———单句语法填空 1．(2018·天津卷)Kate, whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 2．(福建卷)China Today attracts a worldwide r ... ...