高考语法考点突破4：状语从句（含解析）

高考语法考点突破4 状语从句 【语法精讲】 考点一 时间状语从句 一、when, while和as引导的时间状语从句 when 从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生 while 从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生 as 从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……” ◆(2016·江苏卷)While some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure. 当一些人被成功的渴望所驱动的时候，另一些人却被失败的恐惧所驱动着。 ◆(2016·天津卷)As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. 随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。 二、表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句 1．as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly ◆(2016·上海卷)The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy. 我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。 2．在hardly...when..., no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。 ◆(全国卷Ⅱ)I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。 三、before和since引导的时间状语从句 1．before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：It will be/was＋一段时间＋before...过了……时间才……；It won’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就…… ◆(天津卷)We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it. 在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。 ◆(重庆卷)If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one. 如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。 2．since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或一般现在时。 ◆As is reported, it is/has been over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded. 正如所报道的，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。 四、till/until引导的时间状语从句 until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。 ◆(2017·北京卷)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out. 如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。 ◆She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down. 等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。 五、every time, each time, next time, the first time, by the time等引导的时间状语从句 ◆(北京卷)By the time you have finished this book, your meal will get cold. 等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。 [对点演练]———单句语法填空 1．When she picked up the phone after dinner to continue the game, she started to feel that something was wrong with her right eye. 2．At the same time, crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until/till the ... ...