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课件网) The Subjunctive Mood 虚 拟 语 气 ㈠语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式，它表明说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 ㈡语气的种类 1.陈述语气：表明动作或状态是现实的确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday What a fine day it is! 2.祈使语气 表明说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。以动词原形开始。 Be careful! Don’t forget to close the window. Open the door, please. 3,虚拟语气 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。 If I were you , I should study English. I wish you could go with me. May you succeed! Nothing’s gonna change my love If I _____ to live my life without you near me, the days _____ empty. the nights_____ so long. had would all be would seem ㈢虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。 虚拟条件句表示假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来都不可能发生的。 If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it. If I were you ,I would study hard If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 总结 虚拟语气 在条件从句中的用法 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件句从句和主句的动词形式列表如下： 动词形式时间 if从句 主句 与现在事实相反 did（be 的过去式常用were） would should could +动词原形 might 与过去事实相反 had+done would should could +have done might 与将来事实可能相反，或将来的愿望 did/should+do were to do would should could +动词原形 might 1.与现在事实相反 If I _____ (know) her number I_____ (ring) her up. If he_____ (study) at this school, he (know) _____ you well. knew could ring studied would know If I ___ (是 )you , I _____ (就不会)buy that coat. were shouldn’t If I _____(有) a knife，I _____(就杀了) you。 had would kill 2.与将来事实相反或将来的愿望推测 If it _____(rain)tomorrow , our picnic _____(be)put off. If he _____(come)here, he_____ tell us about it. If he _____(go) to Qing Hua University, he_____ (make) full use of his time. rained would be were to come would should go would make 3，与过去事实相反 1) If I _____(leave) sooner，I _____(be) on time. 2)要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他 ( find save his life) If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. had left would have been 注意： 1，条件从句的谓语动词为be时，不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were 2）当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。如： If he should agree to go there, we would send him there. Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. If he had learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. If she were here, she would agree with us. Were she here, she would agree with us. 虚拟语气的其他用法 一，wish后的宾语从句 1.与现在事实相反--一般过去时 2.与过去事实相反--过去完成时 3.与将来事实相反--过去将来时 1.I wish_____ (他再试一次) he would try again 2.I wish _____(和你一样年轻) I were as young as you 3.I wish____ ... ...
