(
课件网) Cloning———同位语从句 高二年级 人教新课标 同位语从句 同位语the Appositive 同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。 同位语的表现形式有以下几种： (1) 名词 ChenPeng,our monitor, is a handsome boy. (2) 代词 I ,myself ,is your English teacher. (3) 数词 She is the oldest among them six. (4) 从句 He told me the news that the plane had exploded. 他告诉我飞机爆炸这个消息。 (5) 由such as, that is引导 Some subjects, such as maths and physics, are very difficult to learn. 某些学科,例如数学和物理,是很难学的。 (6) 由of引导 The city of Beijing has been greatly changed since 2000. 自从2000年以来, 北京市发生了很大的变化。 (7) 由or引导 The freezing temperature, or freezing point, is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure. 结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。 同位语从句the Appositive clause (1) 同位语从句的定义 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。 同位语从句 它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth , hope , problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名词的后面, 对前面的名词作进一步的解释, 说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, 连接副词how, when, where, whether, what等。 （2）同位语从句的表现形式: ① 由that引导 The hope that he may come here is not gone yet. ② 由whether引导 The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. ③ 由when引导 I have no idea when they will go ⑶ 有时可用 namely (即), that is to say (也就是说), in other words (换句话说), that is (那就是), for example 等引出同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。 He told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all. There is only one way of improving your English , that is , to practice more. (3) 同位语从句的引导词选择原则 that 只起连词作用，无任何含义，一般不省略 whether 是否 who 谁 ，做主语 whom 谁，做宾语 whose 谁的，作定语 which 哪个，做定语 when 什么时候，做时间状语 where 什么地点，做地点状语 how 什么方式，做方式状语 why 为什么，做原因状语 (4) 同位语从句的几种特殊情况 1．当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置,即分隔式同位语从句。 Word came that their team had won. The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow. 故事是这样的：威廉姆特尔用一支利箭杀死了国王。 2．表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词order, demand, suggestion等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。 The suggestion that everyone (should) make efforts to beautify our campus is necessary. 每个人都应尽力来美化校园这个建议是有必要的。 讨论并归纳拓展 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 同位语从句 定语从句 功能不同 对名词加以补充说明 与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用 that 不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略 作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略 whether/how 不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何” 不引导定语从句 wh?words 作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与 ... ...
