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高中英语词类与句子成分 课件(共22张PPT)

日期:2024-05-05 科目:英语 类型:高中课件 查看:22次 大小:168857Byte 来源:二一课件通
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高中英语,词类,句子成分,课件,22张,PPT
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(课件网) 词类与句子成分 英语词类分十种: 动词vi/vt(verb)、名词n.(noun)、 形容词adj,(adjective)、副词adv.(adverb)、 介词prep.(preposition)、冠词art.(article)、 连词conj.(conjunction)、代词pron.( pronoun)数词num.(numeral)、感叹词int.(interjection)。 词类 句子成分由词或词组充当, 英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、宾语(object)、表语(predicative)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial),补语(complement)。 除了必要成分外,还有同位语(appositive)和插入语(parenthesis)。 主语 (Subject) 是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 (1) 主语 S (Subject) 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. _____ 2.We often speak English in class. _____ 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. _____ 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. _____ 5.Smoking does harm to the health. _____ 6.The rich should help the poor. _____ 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. _____ 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. _____ 用下划线画出下列句子的主语,并说明其所属的词性或语法结构。 名词 代词 数词 不定式 动名词 名词化的形容词 主语从句 it为形式主语, 不定式为真正的主语 谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。 (2) 谓语 V (Predicate) 用下划线画出下列句子的谓语,并总结。 1、He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 总结:由一个动词或动词短语构成_____。 2、You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. 总结: 情态动词或其他助动词加_____构成_____。 注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。 (主谓一致) 简单谓语 动词原形 复合谓语 用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词后。常见系动词(be, keep, remain, stay, become, grow, turn, get, go, feel, smell, sound, taste,look,prove等) (3)表语 P(Predicative) 用下划线画出下列句子的表语,并说明其所属的词性或语法结构 1.Our teacher of English is an American. _____ 2.Is it yours? _____ 3.The weather has turned cold._____ 4.The speech is exciting. _____ 5.Three times seven is twenty one? _____ 6.His job is to teach English. _____ 7.His hobby is playing football. _____ 8.The meeting is of great importance. _____ 9.Time is up. The class is over. _____ 10.The truth is that he has never been abroad. _____ 名词 代词 形容词 分词 数词 不定式 动名词 介词短语 副词 表语从句 注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等。 1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如: He is a teacher. 2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, remain, stay, stand, 例如: He always keep silent at meeting.? 3)感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look. 例如: This kind of cloth feels very soft. 4)变化系动词表示主语变成什么样,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如: He became mad after that.?? 除此之外,还有prove, turn out ... ...

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