2020-2021学年中考英语语法专题复习 考点（三）：介词的用法

2021年中考英语语法专题考点（三）：常见介词的用法 45个初中常见介词的用法： 1、about 基本含义：a-b-out “A在B外面” 引申含义：“A和B的联系” 1、在…周围：The kids are sitting about their teacher. I like the necklace about her throat. 2、环绕：The bird always flies about the forest. I plan to travel about the world. 3、关于：a book about English study They are talking about the new film. 4、[adv] 大约 固定搭配： 1、How about...? 2、something+adj+about X 一些关于X的adj的事 2、above 基本含义：a-b-over “A在B上方” 引申含义： 1、在…上方:The sun rose above the horizon. 2、数目大于…/重量超过…/价格（能力、地位）高于… There is nothing in the store above 50 cents. “He who comes after me is above me ,because he was before me” 固定搭配： 1、above all: 首先（强调重要性） Above all, he was an outstanding mathematician. 2、above all things: 最最… What you need, above all things, is confidence. 3、be above oneself: 兴高采烈=high spirit When he heard the good news, he was above himself. 3、across 基本含义：a-grass “A走过一片草坪” 引申含义： 1、穿过：She walked across the road. 2、在...对面: The bar is just across the street. 3、交叉：He sat with his arms across his chest. The two lines pass across each other at right angles. 固定搭配： 1、A come across B. A偶遇B。 I came across Yu Minhong the other day. 2、A get sth across to B. A使某物被B了解。 I want to get my theory across to all students. 4、after 基本含义：“A在B之后” （强调顺序） 引申含义： 1、在…之后 （时间顺序、空间顺序） After dinner, they went out for a walk. I should after him, but he still went on. 2、照着…的样子 Read the sentence after me, please. The building is named after the famous hero. I will make a box after that one. 固定搭配： 1、be after寻找/go after 追逐/run after 追求 You should run after your own dream. 2、after all不管怎样 （即：在任何事情之后都一样） After all, he is your father. 3、look after照顾 5、against 基本含义：a-g-e“相对” 引申含义： 1、碰着、靠着：She was leaning against a tree. 2、反对：We should fight against crimes. 3、预防：Save money against a rainy day.未雨绸缪 固定搭配： 1、go against 违反（故意违反某人的意志） He chose to go against his family. 2、be against （1）违反（违反法律、制度） It is against the law to hunt tigers. (2) 反对 Lincoln was strongly against slavery. （3）不利于 What he said is against him. 6、around 基本含义：a-round”A在一个圆里面”（在一定范围内） 引申含义： 1、在…周围:There are many bars around the towm. 2、在附近、到处：I showed him around our campus. 3、【adv】大约： There are around 1000 people watching the game. 7、at 基本含义:“朝向一点” 引申含义: 1、小地点,或小时间点 Usually, he is at his office in the morning. I arrived at home at 7:00. Knock at;look at;aim at;shoot at;arrive at… 2、表示引发某种情绪或动作的原因 He showed no sign of pleasure at seeing her. Be surprised/excited at…; 8、as 基本含义:a-s “一个/同个什么” 引申含义: 1、当作；作为；以…的身份： He poses as a friend. I do not think much of her as a musician. 2、像 ... ...