第1章 名词 I. 专有名词和普通名词 专有名词表示特定的或者独一无二的人或物，如人名，地名，机构名称等。 专有名词的首字母要大写，如： China Africa Mr. Green 一般的人名、地名通常不带定冠词，但河流、海岸、群岛、海峡等名词带定冠词， 如：the Pacific Ocean the English Channel 某些由普通名词组成的专有名词也带定冠词，如： the Great Wall the Children’s Palace the People’s Park the Chinese New Year the United States of America 专有名词一般没有复数形式。但表示姓的专有名词变成复数时，指改姓的一家人， 前面必须加定冠词，如： the Greens the Smith the Wangs 普通名词表示一类人、物或事，可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。 个体名词指人或物的个体，是可数名词。 集体名词是一群人或物的总称，有些事可数名词，有些是不可数名词。 可数名词：a class--two classes a team--two teams 不可数名词：furniture equipment 物质名词表示不能分为分体的物质，多数是不可数名词。 抽象名词表示人或物的品质、状态等抽象概念，多数是不可数名词。 专项训练 1 选择填空 1. There are some _____ in the fridge. A. fruit B. dishes C. bread D. ice-cream 2. _____ chicken did you have for lunch? A. How B. What C. How many D. How much 3. I think you’d better not eat _____ sweets. A. too many B. too much C. so many D. so much 4. _____ Amazon is shorter than _____ Nile. A. An … a B. The … / C. / … / D. The … the 5. The Browns _____ a football match when the guests knocked on the door. A. was watching B. is watching C. were watching D. are watching 6. China is famous for _____. A. great wall B. the great wall C. Great Wall D. the Great Wall 7. The government needs _____ money to make the rivers clean. A. a lot B. a great many C. a large amount of D. a large number of 8. Washington is the capital of _____. A. America B. an America C. the America D. Americans 9. We should take _____. A. a good advice B. an advice good C. some good advice D. some good advices 10. TV news often gives us lots of _____. A. informations B. information C. piece of information D. pieces of informations 11. If by chance someone comes to see me, ask him or her to leave a _____. A. message B. letter C. sentence D. notice 12. These young people are now making an active _____ to save the old temple. A. part B.effort C. decision D. plan 13. His favorite _____is the Beatles and he’s got lots of CDs. (09中考 天津) A. film B. singer C. band D. concert 14. There is more _____ today so life is more dangerous and less healthy. (09中考 天津) A. knowledge B. freedom C. pollution D. population 15. Don't push to the front; you ·have to wait your_____ A. chance B. duty C. line D. turn 16. --I'm afraid I can't get there before 9 o'clock. -- That's OK. There's _____. (09 中考 安徽) A. no way B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no hurry 17. You have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _____ . fall B. reality C. practice D. deed II. 可数名词 1. 规则可数名词复数形式的构成如下： 大部分可数名词，通常加-s变成复数，如： day--days card--cards ship--ships month—months 以-s，-x，-sh，-ch结尾的名词，加-es变成复数，如： class--classes box--boxes bru ... ...
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