人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 学案（4份打包）

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Section Ⅱ　Discovering Useful Structures ———定语从句——— 一、定语从句的关系词 1．关系代词的用法 Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的那个人吗？ I know a boy whose father is an acrobat. 我认识一个男孩，他父亲是杂技演员。 Can you show me the photo which/that was taken in the West Lake? 你能让我看看那张在西湖拍的照片吗？ 2．关系副词的用法 (1)when 引导定语从句的用法。当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time, day, year, month, week等)，且关系词在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句用when 引导。when 可以用“介词＋which”替换。如： I still remember the time when I was in college. 我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。 I have forgotten the exact date when(＝on which)this country became independent. 我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。 (2)where 引导定语从句的用法。当先行词是表示具体地点的名词(如place, room, mountain, airport等)或抽象地点的名词(如case, state, condition, point, situation等)，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句用where 引导。where 可以用“介词＋which”替换。如： This is the hotel where (＝in which) they stayed. 这就是他们住的旅馆。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。 (3)why 引导定语从句的用法。当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且引导词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句用why 引导。why 可以用for which 替换，why 只能引导限制性定语从句。如： This is the reason why (＝for which) he left hurriedly. 这就是他匆匆离去的原因。 [技巧微博] 用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于关系词在从句中所作的成分，若关系词在从句中作状语，则用关系副词，否则用关系代词。如： I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 我永远不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。 I'll never forget the days that/which I spent in the countryside. 我永远不会忘记在乡下度过的日子。 3．关系代词用that 不用which的情况 (1)当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none 等不定代词时。如： I told him all that I know. 我把我所知道的都告诉了他。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 我有什么可以为你做的吗？ (2)当先行词为序数词或被序数词，the only, the very, the last, the next, 形容词的最高级等修饰时。如： The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 我第二个想参观的地方是上海。 My necklace is not the only thing that is missing. 我丢掉的不仅是我的项链。 This is the very man that I want to see. 这正是我想见的那个人。 (3)当先行词中既有人又有物时。如： The writer and his novels that you have just talked about are really well known. 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。 (4)当主句是以who, which 或 what 开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the boy that helped you? 帮你忙的那个男孩儿是谁？ 二、限制性和非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句概述 (1)限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的一部分，若去掉，主句的内容就不完整，意义也会发生改变。从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不可用逗号隔开。如： She has found the necklace (that) she lost two weeks ago. 她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。 (2)非限制性定语从句是先行词的一个补充说明。没有它，主句也能独立存在；非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并 不是很密切，它与主句常用逗号隔开 ... ...