高中英语主谓一致讲解与练习

主谓一致 语法一致原则 主语和谓语通常在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：He does well in maths. 谓语用单数时的情况 1)单数名词(代词）或不可数名词做主语时,其谓语动词用单数。例如： Lucy is a good girl, she likes helping others. There is a lot of water in the bottle. No news is good news. 特别提醒：不可数名词前若有表示数量的物量词，则谓语动词与物量词本身的形式一致。例如：One million tons of oil were produced last year. 2）不定式短语、动名词短语和从句做主语时，其谓语动词用单数。例如： To learn English well isn’t easy. What you said seems impolite. 但是What从句做主语，表语是复数，谓语动词用复数 如： What?the?students?need B good?books.??A.?is??B.?are????C.?have??D.?has? 3)主语是 either，neither或主语被 either，neither 修饰时。例如： Either of the answers is correct. Neither answer proves to be correct. every/some/any/no＋body/one/thing 构成的复合不定代词做主语时。例如： Nobody is absent. 主语是 each 或单数主语被 each，every 修饰时, Each of the boys has a pencil box. Here every student is good at drawing 当“one of/the number of +名词复数”作主语时 The number of teachers in my school is 138. One of his uncles is an engineer. 但定语从句中关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如one前有the （only）则用单数形式。 One of the teachers who work in No.4 High School is his uncle. She was the only one of the girls who was late for class today. 2.谓语用复数时的情况 1）“a number of＋名词复数”做主语时，其谓语动词用复数 A number of trees were planted in our city last year. and 或both...and...连接主语时，其谓语动词用复数,但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词,前面有each, every, many a, no等修饰时， 谓语动词通常仍要用单数形式。例如： Each boy and each girl was congratulated. 每个男孩和女孩都受到了祝贺。 Both you and I are right. Tea and milk are good for our health. Truth and honesty is the best policy. To love and to be loved is the great happiness. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. A knife and fork is on the table. Every hour and every minute is important. 每时每刻都是重要的。 Many a boy and many a girl has seen this painting. 许多男孩和女孩都看了这幅油画。 No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。 No teacher and no student is admitted. 师生一律不得入内。 3.取决于主语的情况 主语后有with,along with, like, except, besides, including, as well as, together with, rather than, except, but, besides, in addition to, added to, rather than, more than, no less than等连接的名词或代词时 Tom with his parents is watching TV now. a lot of/lots of/plenty of/all/ most of/分数/百分数 + 名词时， Lots of people have been there. Two thirds of the work has been done. 意义一致原则 意义一致原则就是概念一致，谓语动词的形式要和主语所表达的概念一致。 集合名词people,police作主语时，其谓语动词用复数。 The people in the park are having a good time now. “the +姓氏名 ... ...