秋季讲义20-高二上牛津英语-期末总复习-（教师版+学生版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 ( 期末总复习 ) Unit 1 Sporting events Grammar 1．目的状语短语和目的状语从句 目的状语可以由in order(not)to、so as(not)to等不定式短语构成。 例：The teacher explained the rules several times in order to／so as to make the students fully understand． 老师反复解释了这些规则，就是为了让学生们充分地理解。 Before he turned in his composition．he checked it again so as to make as few mistakes as possible． 把作文交上去之前他又检查了一遍，目的是尽量减少错误。 目的状语从句可以由so that、in order that等连接短语引导，且从句中的谓语部分一般含有情态动词can／could、may／might、will／would、shall／should等。 例：The secretary adjusted the manager’s agenda in order that he could attend the economic forum． 秘书调整了经理的日程安排，使他能够出席这次经济论坛。 【注意】目的状语短语和从句可以置于句首。 例：In order to save paper，the secretary printed on both sides of the paper． 为了节约纸张，秘书在纸的正反面都打印。 In order that he might hear more clearly，he seated himself in the first row． 为了听得更清楚些，他坐在了第一排。 in case也可以用来引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语部分常用一般现在时或一般过去时，但不用将来时。 例：They have made a careful plan in case something unexpected happens． 他们制定了一个周密的计划，以防备可能发生的意外。 2．让步状语短语和让步状语从句 让步状语可以由despite和in spite of构成。 例：Despite the heavy traffic jam on Monday morning，he got to the office on time． 尽管周一早晨的交通非常拥挤，他还是准时到达了办公室。 The old man cannot see very well in spite of the spectacles． 尽管戴着眼镜，老人还是看不太清楚。 【注意】despite和in spite of后面跟名词或名词短语。 例：Despite /In spite of all the evidence，he still refused to confess his mistakes． 尽管证据确凿，他还是拒绝承认错误。 引导状语从句的连词有although、though、even though等，意为“虽然；尽管”，表示在从句情况存在的前提下，主句的情况依然出现。 例：Although it was very hot，the builders kept working on the sites． 虽然天气酷热，建筑工人们还是坚持在工地上工作。 The scientist kept experimenting with the new drug even though he had failed three times. 尽管已经失败了三次，这个科学家仍然坚持试验这种新药。 【拓展】 (1)as／though倒装结构表示让步意义，相当于although／though引导的从句。 例：Difficult as／though the problem was(=Although／Though the problem was difficult)，Tom managed to work it out．尽管这道题目很难，汤姆还是做了出来。 (2)while引导的让步状语从句常置于句首。 例：While I admit that he is not perfect，l do actually like the person． 尽管我承认他非完美，但我的确非常喜欢这个人。 whatever、whoever、wherever和however等词引导的让步状语从句，相当于“no matter +wh- 疑问词”，常译为“无论……”。 例：He always thinks of his motherland wherever he travels(=no matter where he travels)． 无论走到哪儿，他都心系祖国。 (4)whether…or…引导的让步状语从句，常译为”无论…还是…” 例：whether we win or lose，we will spare no effort． 无论成败，我们都会不遗余力。 Unit 2 Continuous learning Grammar 1．现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时由“has／have been+v-ing”构成，表示从 ... ...