(
课件网) 主语 It is very important to master a foreign language. Reading newspapers can increase our knowledge. Being admitted to Harvard University is an honor. It is no use/good/useless doing It is fun/ a waste of time doing There is no need to do/ no doubt that /no point in doing There is no joking about such matters. 这种事是不能开玩笑的。 宾语 (1)有些动词只要求动词不定式作宾语，如want, decide, learn, pretend, hope, expect, refuse, manage, long, promise, offer, hate (2) 要求用动名词作宾语，常见的这类动词有 admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, consider, confess, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, excuse, envy, fancy, favor, finish, forbid, imagine, include, involve, keep, mind, miss, mention, pardon, permit, practice, prevent, quit, resist, risk, stand, suggest, understand 等。 动词不定式复合结构 It’s difficult for you to study English. It’s nice of you to help me. I feel it right to tell her the truth. 动名词复合结构 在句中作主语或宾语等由动名词的逻辑主语即物主代词或名词所有格+动名词短语构成 Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us She insisted on me/my/her mother(’s) staying for lunch We considered/found him (to be ) dishonest. 我们发现他不诚实。 We all suppose him to be dead. 我们都以为他死了。 有些动词如consider, prove, know, feel, suppose, discover, imagine, find 等也可跟 “宾语 + to be”的形式，使用中应注意。例如： 宾语补足语 有些动词如allow, advise, ask, beg, believe, call, cause, enable, encourage, get, invite, order, teach, tell 等后边常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 I invited him to come here. He was invited to come here. The teacher allowed me to finish my homework on Friday. 在make, let, have等使役动词后；在see, watch, look at, observe, feel, hear, listen to, notice等表示感官的动词后省去动词不定式符号“to”。但如这些词用被动，则带to That made me quit. He was heard to reject the suggestion. 1. 不定式作宾补 I was made to quit. 2.-ing做宾补 1.感官动词see, hear, find sb. doing等 2.使役动词have，get, leave, keep, send, won’t have sb doing等 I found the man lying on the ground. Tom kept us waiting in the wind. The explosion sent us running in all directions. I won’t have my children saying dirty words. 当谓语动词变成被动时 The man was found lying on the ground. We were kept waiting in the wind. -ed 做宾补 1.感官动词see, hear, find sb/sth done等 2.使役动词have，get, leave, keep等 He raised his voice to make himself heard. We heard the story told. We heard the story being told. 当动词变成被动时 They left the work half done. The work was left half done. Her bike was found stolen. She found her bike stolen 当 “have”作“有”解释时，如果后面跟有表达某些感情的名difficulty, trouble, problem, fun, a hard time等通常使用动名词，实际上这种句型是在动名词前省去了介词in。例如： He has difficulty (in) speaking English? I still remember the great fun I had ____ Disneyland. A. visited B visiting C visit D to visit 定语 不定式作定语常表将来，与靠近的名词或代词有逻辑的动宾关系，但其逻辑主语是句子 ... ...
