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课件网) Unit 1 Great scientists 1. To get some information about some famous scientists 2. To understand the passage John Snow defeats “King Cholera” 3. To summarise the main idea and retell the stages for John Snow’s research 4. To know how to protect people from infectious diseases There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What do you know about great scientists? 1. Who discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float? an ancient Greek mathematician & physicist Archimedes (287-212 BC) Archimedes’ principle 阿基米德定律(浮力) Levers(杠杆) His great findings: Give me a place to stand, and I shall move the world. ——— Archimedes If you put an object into water the water pushes the object up. It rises and partly floats. The force of the water pushing it up is the same as the weight of the object. 2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed? The Origin of Species Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British author It explains how plants and animals changed over time to fit in with a changing environment. He improved the first steam pump (泵;抽水机) and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. 3. Who invented the first steam engine? Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729), British 4. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children? developed ideas on heredity (遗传学) and inherited (继承, 承传) characteristics Gregor Mendel (1822-1884), Czech（捷克人） 5. Who discovered radium? She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, the first person and only woman to win twice. Marie Curie (1867-1934) Polish and French The discovery of radium meant that she began a new scientific area of research. 6. Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities? Thomas Edison (1847-1931) American inventor Inventions: Phonograph 留声机 Light bulb电灯泡 Motion picture camera 电影摄影机 7. Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people? Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Italian artist masterpieces 8. Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground? Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829), British the safe lamp for miners 9. Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened? invented the first seismograph地动仪 Zhang Heng (78-139), Chinese 10. Who put forward a theory about black holes? worked on astronomy and studied black holes in space Stephen Hawking (1942-2018) British scientist He has shown that black holes do not only absorb everything around them but, from time to time, throw out matter as well. put forward 提出 e.g. He put forward a valuable suggestion at the meeting. Josh put forward a plan for an outing this weekend. 【拓展】 我们在以前还学过表示“提出”的短语，它们是 _____ 和come up with。 bring up 常见的put短语还有： put away 收起来；存蓄 p ... ...
