13.备战高考写作之夹叙夹议文（教师版+学生版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 ( 高考夹叙夹议文写作指导 ) ( 知识 导图 ) ( 要 点 精析 ) 夹叙夹议文是一种比较常见的写作文体, 以记人叙事为主, 记叙人物的经历或事物/事件发生、发展、变化的过程。兼有总结全文，深化主题。材料常涉及社会生活现象、人物或自然景物。无论记人还是叙事都要通过叙述、描写来加以表达, 把人物的经历或行为、发生的事情/事件用一定的顺序和语言技巧叙述出来。在叙述过程中“人以事显, 事由人生”, 人和事是密不可分的。在一篇记叙文中记人、写景、叙事往往是交织在一起的, 不能简单地分裂开。高考作文一般都不会单纯的记叙某事，而是夹叙夹议。 1. 写作结构指导： 结构完整, 内容清楚 一篇记叙文无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实, 因此在下笔时必须明确该从何处开始叙述, 何处结束叙述以及应该提供何种事实才能使叙述完整。 中心突出, 详略得当 明确写作目的和叙述的中心思想, 避免空洞的叙述或与主题无关的内容,文章的内容、结构、层次及所用语言都应围绕主题展开进行。叙述时必须繁简疏密相间, 突出主题的内容要加以详细具体的描写, 这样有助于读者对所叙述的人物或事件有个深刻的印象, 而对过渡性的内容作简短的交代即可。 脉络/主线清晰,语言灵活生动 一篇好的记叙文需要直接或间接表达以下六要素：事件发生的时间、地点、人物角色、原因、过程和结果(when, where, who, why, what, how)。写作顺序可采用“顺叙”、“倒叙”和“穿插叙述”的方法, 但初学者最好采用”顺叙”的方法进行训练, 即以情节发生时间的先后为序。 为了使叙述生动, 具有吸引力, 必须注意词汇运用得恰当、通顺、简洁和准确, 时态、人称要一致, 注重上下文的相关性、连续性, 以及与表达内容的一致性。 2. 常用句型 . Vivid memories come flooding back to ... when I was ... . If my memory serves me right, it happened on ... . December 27th, 2012 was the most unforgettable day for me. . It dated back to ... . In terms of appearance, he is of medium build, with small and bright eyes. . He/She always wears a friendly smile on his/her face, which makes him/her pretty approachable. . I admire him/her for ... . He/She is enthusiastic/strict/hardworking/devoted/humorous/worthy of our respect. . It is he who enlightens my mind; it is he who taps my potential in... it is he who encourages/supports me when I lose confidence. ( 课堂典例 ) 1 描述你在学校的一次难忘的活动。具体要求如下： 1. 详细描述活动的情况; 2. 简要表述你在活动中的感受。 例文： Thursday, December 27th, 2020, was the most unforgettable day in Senior Three for me. It was the first time, as well as the last time that I had performed on the stage of our school at the closing ceremony of the School Art Festival. As scheduled, the ceremony began at 7 o’clock that evening and everyone felt excited, awaiting the wonderful performances. In fact, the performances were undoubtedly sensationally terrific, but I just couldn’t be fully absorbed in them. I was a bit nervous. At the summon of the teacher, nearly 200 Senior Three students, including me, went to the back of the stage to prepare for our singing performance. Everyone took his place and after that, I couldn’t help thinking that it was my last Art Festival and that I should spare no effort to add a brilliant touch to it. Slowly, the curtain was drawn up. There burst ... ...