22.备战高考英语阅读理文章长句难句分析（教师版+学生版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 ( 高考阅读理解中的长难句分析 ) 英语阅读理解题所选短文均选自英语原版文章，原汁原昧”，考生普遍感觉较难理解。那么，这些阅读材料到底难在哪儿呢？除了生词量大、篇幅长、信息量大以外．就是短文中的句子结构较为复杂，搀杂了大量的长、难句，对长难句的理解会直接影响我们的阅读成绩。那么长难句构成有哪些特征？如何破解阅读理解中的长难句？ 一、长难句构成特征 1.带有较多成分的简单句 Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures . 2.含有多个从句的复合句 Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say that he didn’t know that his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa. 3.含有插入成份的句子 如同位语（从句）、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等。有时有逗号或破折号分开 The lack of right male role models in many of their lives—at home and particularly in the school environment —means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against. Science has become so important in the modern world, with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted, that it is included among modern social institutions. 4.含有省略成份的句子 The magazine is male-targeting because young guys generally won’t pick up a magazine that appears to be directed at females, whereas girls usually will. 5.倒装句、强调句 Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. How is it t hat the can leave Betty and her friend Joan sitting on the sofa, talking, go out to a ballgame，come back three and a half hours later, and they’re still sitting on the sofa ,talking? 破解长难句方法 找谓语，定主语 一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的情况除外）。如 Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment -- although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. 【简析】此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有： was opposed --he; ordered--he; (should) not be used --federal--funds; had proposed -- no one; asked--he (asked前面有and, 说明asked与前面某个谓语动词并列，根据逻辑意义asked应与ordered并列)。这一句的主干为 “he ordered... asked ....”, “Declaring that...”作状语。 句意：他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的蓄牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验———尽管还没有人建议这么做———他还请一个普林斯顿大学校长Harold Shapiro 为首的独立专家组在90天内 ... ...