Unit 5 Launching Your Career Learning About Language 语法精讲·素养提升 长句(Long Sentences) 观察上面对话, 完成下面句子。 (1)He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class. ? 他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 (2)The first English book that I read was The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain. 我读的第一本英文书是马克·吐温写的《王子与贫儿》。? (3)He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. ? 他已经成为了他10年前想成为的样子。 (4)Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. ? 她来不来都无关紧要。 (5)August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so I work from dawn until dark every day. 八月是一年中水稻收获的季节, 所以我每天从早到晚地工作。? 长句(long sentences)多因含有较多较长的修饰成分或包含多个并列句或从句而使得整个句子变长。 一、长句的主要类型 1. 含有较多成分的简单句(同位语、介词短语、非谓语动词、定语、状语、插入语); 2. 含有多个简单句的并列句; 3. 并列句和主从复合句并存。 The average number of days with heavy pollution in cities at county level and above has dropped from 10 to 6. (主语: number 谓语: has dropped ) 县级及以上城市重度污染的平均天数从10天下降到6天。 Since 2013, China has rolled out a series of State-level regional development strategies to create new economic growth poles, push forward integrated and coordinated development, and explore ways of sustainable development for future generations. (主语: China 谓语: has rolled out 宾语: strategies) 自2013年以来, 中国推出一系列国家级区域发展战略, 着力打造新的经济增长极, 推进一体化协调发展, 探索子孙后代可持续发展之路。 【即学活用】 找出下列句中的主语、谓语和宾语。 (1) Holding the 3rd China International Import Expo during COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control shows China’s determination to further open up its market and to continue to contribute to world economic recovery and development. 主语: Holding the 3rd China International Import Expo(动名词短语)? 谓语: shows宾语: determination (2)Noted oil painter Zhao Peizhi, born in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, was exposed to the rich history and cultures of various nationalities living in the area during childhood. 主语: painter谓语: was exposed to宾语: history and cultures? 二、句子的三种基本类型 如果按照句子的结构分类, 英文句子可分为三个类别: 简单句(Simple Sentence)、并列句(Compound Sentence)和复合句(Complex Sentence)。这里所说的结构, 主要是指句子中主语和谓语之间所构成的关系。 1. 简单句(Simple Sentence) 简单句只有一个主谓结构。句子可能有两个或更多的主语, 也可能有两个或更多的谓语, 但是句子中的主谓关系只有一个。简单句还可以有定语、状语等句子成分。 The people in the meeting room remained silent. 会议室里的人保持沉默。 Many young artists are advised to learn by copying the masters. 许多年轻艺术家们被建议通过临摹大师们的作品来学习。 2. 并列句(Compound Sentence) 并列句有两个或两个以上存在并列、对等关系的主谓结构。从语法上讲, 这些主谓结构都能独立地表达意思, 没有从属关系。但是它们在意思或逻辑上有一定程度的内在联系, 使它们有必要构成并列句。在并列句中, 并列连词用来连接两个或几个主谓结构, 即连接平行对等( ... ...
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