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湖南省2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习 第五讲 形容词和副词(含答案)

日期:2024-04-30 科目:英语 类型:初中学案 查看:42次 大小:1447041Byte 来源:二一课件通
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湖南省,五讲,答案,副词,形容词,2021年
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 形容词和副词 【知识梳理】 一、形容词 1.形容词概述 形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。大部分形容词直接说明事物的性质或特征,有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。 例如:hot 热的,beautiful美丽的。 有的形容词只能作表语,没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。 例如:afraid害怕的,asleep睡着的。 2.形容词的用法 ①作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前面。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为词尾的词语即复合不定代词时,要放在这些词之后。 What an interesting movie it is! There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.今天的报纸没有什么有趣的内容。 ②作表语放在系动词后面。 The food smells delicious. ③位于宾语后做宾语补足语。 You must keep your classroom clean and tidy.你们必须保持教室干净整洁。 ④少数形容词只能作表语,如:afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, well(健康的),ill, sorry, glad, sure, pleased等。 He is alone in the classroom. She has been asleep for three hours. ⑤某些形容词之前加上冠词the表示一类人, 如 the rich, the poor, the young, the old, the deaf, the blind, the living, the dead, the hungry等。 The rich should help the poor. The young should be polite to the old. 二、副词 1.副词概述 副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,其他副词或句子。 2.副词的分类和用法 ①时间副词:如now,today,yesterday,soon等,在句子中担任时间状语,是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。 There is going to be a class meeting tomorrow. They visited the aquarium yesterday. ②频度副词:如sometimes, often, always, usually等,在句子中担任时间状语,是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。 They have never seen each other before. What do you usually do on weekends? ③地点副词:如here, there, home, somewhere, anywhere,outside等,在句子中担任地点状语。 I have looked for my pen everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere. ④方式副词:如slowly, quickly, fast, luckily, easily等,在句子中担任方式状语。这类副词大都由“形容词+ly”构成。 Please speak more slowly so that we can hear you clearly. ⑤程度副词:如very, quite, rather, too, much, so等,在句子中修饰形容词或其他副词,作状语。 It’s much too hot in Changsha these days. The little boy can play the guitar very well. ⑥疑问副词:如when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far,how old等,放在句首构成特殊疑问句。 How soon will your father be back home? How often do you go to the movie? ⑦关系副词:如when, where, why, how等,用来引导相关从句。 What were you doing when the UFO landed? I’d like to go somewhere where people are friendly. 3.副词的位置 总的来说,副词的位置比较灵活,在句子开头、中间、结尾都可以。但是请注意下面几点: ①频度副词作状语时放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。 He is never late for school. He usually goes to see his grandparents on Saturday. ②enough修饰形容词或副词时要放在被修饰词的后面。 The little boy isn’t old enough to go to school. He ran fast enough to catch the thief. 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 1.形容词和副词比较等级的构成 表一:规则变化(口诀:一般直接加er/est,见e只加r/st,辅音y结尾,改y为i加er/st。重读辅元辅,双写尾字母,再加er/est) 构成方法 原级 比较级 最 ... ...

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