(
课件网) Unit 4 Sports 必修二 上外版 2022 CONTENT 现在分词做状语 过去分词做状语 现在分词做状语 构 成 形 式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 现在分词： 现在分词的否定式 not/never having done not/never doing not/never being done not/never having been done 现在作状语： 一、 表示伴随情况，如： The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. = while they were laughing and talking… She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. = while she was reading… 二、表示原因或理由： Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. = As she saw…… Because we didn’t know… 注：如果分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生，则要用完成形式，如： Having finished his homework, Tom went home. =After//Because he had finished… Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter. =Because he had not received… 三、作时间状语（相当于 when 引导的从句）： Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. = When they heard… Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those days in Beijing. When he saw… 注①：如果两个动作同时发生的，多用 when 或 while + 分词这种结构，如： Be careful when crossing the street. Don’t mention this while talking to him. you are you are 注②：如果要强调谓语动词的动作发生时，分词的动作已经完成，要用完成形式： Having heard the result, the spokeswoman expressed her opinion After she had heard 四、现在分词作状语还可以表示结果、条件和让步，如： The bus was held up by snowstorm, thus causing the delay. = thus it caused … Working hard, you will succeed. Weighing almost 100Kg, the stone was moved by him alone. If you work hard Although it weighed… 状语从句的省略： 1.状语从句中如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式，则将从句引导词和从句主语以及be动词一起省去。 2.状语从句中如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同，但从句谓语中不含有be动词的某种形式，则将从句引导词和从句主语一起省去，谓语部分第一个改为-ing 形式。 Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. Don't be careless when /while having an exam. When they heard… When you are… Having finished his homework the boy was allowed to watch TV play. After he had finished… Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. Because he didn’t know… Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. Because//After//Since //As we have lived… Being ill, he still keeps taking exercise. Although he is ill… 现在分词的完成形式和被动形式 ① 现在分词的完成形式主要用在状语中，表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，如： Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide. ② 在表示一个被动的动作时，如果这个动作是现刻正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，就可以用现在分词的被动形式。这种形式可以作定语、状语或构成复合宾语， That building being repaired is our library. You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere. Being protected by a ... ...
