微技能 预测文章的主要内容-初中同步七年级英语阅读写作技能训练

阅读进阶 Graded Reading 通过上一学期的阅读训练，想必同学们已经掌握了阅读技能中两大基本技巧———扫读与跳读。这一学期的阅读进阶主要是训练同学们根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力和把握文章中心、作者写作意图以及态度的技能。本期，我们来学习对文章主要内容的预测。 预测文章的主要内容 “预测文章的主要内容”指的是在我们开始阅读前预先猜测文章的主要内容。但是，这种预测并不是凭空猜测，而是要根据文章中的某些线索来猜测。这些线索可能是文章的标题，可能是段落的小标题，也可能是文章中某些特殊字体的词或关键词，还可能是文章的首尾段或主题句。 下面，我们就根据以下两道例题来体会如何正确地预测文章的主要内容。 【例题1】 扫读下面短文，预测短文的主要内容，并指出预测的依据。 Kate’s Family Kate White has a big family. There are 9 members in her family. Her grandfather’s name is James White. He is a doctor. Her grandmother’s name is Alice White. She is a housewife. They have a son and a daughter. Kate’s father’s name is Thomas White and he is a policeman. Kate’s mother’s name is Jenny White and she is a nurse. Kate is 13 and she is a middle school student. She has a little brother, Jimmy. Jimmy is only 3. Charles is her uncle, and Casey is her aunt. They are both teachers. They have a little baby. His name is Tommy. Kate loves her family very much. 该文段的主要内容：_____ 预测的依据：_____ 答案及答题思路详解： 该文章是一篇包含标题的短文，那么首先我们要关注文章的标题“Kate’s Family”。故我们可推测本文的主要内容———介绍Kate的家庭。与此同时，我们扫读文章会看到文中出现了“grandfather, grandmother, son, daughter”等关键词。故我们可确定我们的预测是正确的。 【例题2】 扫读下面短文，预测短文的主要内容，并指出预测的依据。 Family Name Everyone has a family name. In English-speaking countries, the family name is the last name. But do you know how British people get their family names Some family names come from the place of their homes. If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill. In Britain, people’s family names may be Wood or Lake because they live near the woods or the lake. Some family names come from a person’s job. If a person is a cook, his family name may be Cook. Many people get their family names from their fathers’ given name. If you hear the name “Jackson”, you know that he is the son of Jack. 该文段的主要内容：_____ 预测的依据：_____ 答案及答题思路详解： 与前一篇文章相同，该文章也包含有标题“Family Name”。因此，我们可知这篇文章一定是和“姓氏”有关的。但是这个话题太过宽泛，我们并不能预测出文章内容的方向，我们再根据文章首段“But do you know how English people get their family names ”我们可预测，本文的主要内容是“英国人的姓氏起源”。 练一练 扫读下面短文，预测短文的主要内容，并指出预测的依据。 Rick usually gets up at about 6:20 in the morning. He brushes his teeth at 6:40 am, and then he has breakfast at 7:00 am. He goes to school by bus and gets to school at 8:30 am. The school usually starts at 9:00 am. He has lunch at school. He usually goes home at 4:30 in the afternoon. He takes a shower at 5:10 pm. He has dinner with his family at about 6 o’ ... ...