第03讲 非谓语动词专题 【学习目标】 1、掌握非谓语动词用法 2、掌握中考常考题型 3、常见易错点的考察 4、完成专项训练 【基础知识】 1、本节内容（presentation） 非谓语动词的用法 基本概念 在英语中，不作句子谓语，但仍具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词分类 不定式（to do sth）；动名词（v-ing）；现在分词（doing）；过去分词（done）； 初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配，及使动用法的词现在分词和过去分 词的用法差别。 非谓语动词用法： 动词不定式（to do）的用法： 1. 作主语： To learn English well is important. To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy. △ 动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。 Learning English is important. Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy. △ 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。 It’s important to learn English. It can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables. 2. 作表语： My job is to teach English./His hobby is to collect stamps. 3. 作宾语： (1).动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有： want=would like(想要), learn, teach,make up one’s mind=decide=determine(决定做),hope, wish,agree, afford(负担得起),try (do) one’s best(尽力),take actions(采取行动),plan, expect, manage（设法）, fail, offer(主动提出), promise, refuse（拒绝）, pretend(假装),prepare, fear,demand/need(要求，需要),arrange(安排),have ability(有能力)。 He wants to go home at once. I began to play the piano when I was four. 4. 作宾语补足语： (1).动词不定式还可用作双宾的形式，这些动词有 want=would like(想要),task / tell / teach/warn(警告) / wish / need=require=request(需要，要求)/expect /wish/ order =instruct=comand(命令，指示)/ encourage / allow =permit(允许)/ invite / enable / force /advise(建议)/beg(求)/bear(忍受)/drive(驱使)/cause(致使，引起)/persuade(说服) sb. (not)to do sth. Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. Mother told me not to come home late. I’d like you to meet my family. 批注：advise sb. to do sth./suggest (that) sb.(should) do sth.(虚拟语气) △使役动词make, let, have后的宾语补足语，其不定式的to要省略。而help 后的不 定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但是改成被动语态时，要加“to”: make/let/have sb. do sth. /help sb.(to) do sth. Could you please help me (to) do some housework I hear him sing every night. (变成被动语态) →He is heard to sing by me every night.(变成被动语态) We saw her play the piano last night. →She was seen to play the piano by us last night. It made me feel sad.(变成被动语态) →I was made to feel sad by it. 注意：感官动词see, hear, watch, notice等动词的用法： see Sb. hear sb. / sth. doing sth. watch do notice 5.作定语： (1)这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 I have much work to do. Do you have anything to say Would you like something. to eat It’s a good place to have fun. 如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。 There is nothing to worry_____. / He has no room to live _____. The dog is easy to take care _____. / I’d like some paper to write _____. (2)说明所修辞名词的内容： We had a plan to finish the work. (3)被修辞名词是不定式逻辑主语： He is the first to get ... ...
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