(课件网) The Growth of English Vocabulary Development （1）The Language Family （2）Three phases of the historical development Development （3）General characteristics of English （4）Foreign elements in the English vocabulary Development （5）Growth of contemporary English vocabulary （6）Modes of vocabulary development The Language Family English is classified into the Indo-European family. 印欧语系 superfamily of eight language families eight language families Indo-European family Sino-Tibetan family Semito-Hamitic family Bantu family Uralic family Altaic family Malayo-Polynesian family Indian family eight language families 印欧语系 汉藏语系 闪含语系 班图语系 乌拉尔语系 阿尔泰语系 马来-玻利西亚语系 印第安语系 on the basis of similaries in their basic word stock and grammar the Indo-European family 8 principal groups Eastern set Western set The Eastern set Balto-Slavic波罗的斯拉夫语族(the biggest one) Prussian普鲁士语 Lithuanian立陶宛语 Polish波兰语 Czech捷克语 Bulgarian保加利亚语 Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语 Russian俄罗斯语 Indo-Iranian印伊语族 Persian波斯语 Bengali 孟加拉语 Hindi 北印度语 Romany吉普赛语 Armenian亚美尼亚语族 Armenian Albanian阿尔巴尼语族 Albanian The Western Set Hellenic希腊语族 Greek Celtic凯尔特语族 Scotish苏格兰语 Irish爱尔兰语 Welsh威尔士 Breton布列塔尼语 Pictish皮克特语 3. Italic意大利语族（5 romance languages） Portuguese葡萄牙语 Spanish西班牙语 French法语 Italian意大利语 Rumanian罗马尼亚语 4. Germanic日耳曼语族 English英语 German德语 Dutch荷兰语 Flemish弗来芒语 Scandinavian languages Norwegian挪威语 Icelandic冰岛语 Danish丹麦语 Swedish瑞典语 Three Phases of the Historical Development Old English (450-1150) Middle English (1150-1500) Modern English (1500 to the present) Old English (450-1150) Celtic the earliest language used in the British Islands 河流名称the Thames 英国著名城市London Old English (450-1150) Roman Conquest 罗马征服 （1）55 B.C.:The Romans occupied the British Isles. （2）A.D. 597: A priest named Augustine came to England from Rome to preach. Old English (450-1150) Latin words came into English 家庭用具的词kettle；植物名称的词pear (3) 410:end of Roman occupation Old English (450-1150) Germanic Conquest（A.D. 437） German tribes （1）盎格鲁人（Anglos） （2）撒克逊人（Saxons） （3）朱特人 (Jutes) 低地日耳曼语 （Low West Germanic） Old English (450-1150) Scandinavian invasion（begin in 790） Scandinavian word into Britain (1) Some pronouns in English comes from Scandinavian. (2)Many words related to ordinary people's daily life come from Scandinavian. Scandinavian word into Britain: Characteristics of Old English （1）It has a small vocabulary of about 50,000 to 60,000 words. （2）It has small number of borrowings came from Latin and Scandinavian. （3）It is a highly inflected language. Middle English (1150-1500) The Norman Conquest and its influence on England: A new and larger continental culture was brought to England. It forced on England “The national id ... ...
