(
课件网) M1 Grammar am/is/are＋done was/were＋done 被动意义 单 复 靠近它的主语 远的主语 单复数 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 1．一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的基本构成 主动形式 被动形式 一般现在时 do(动词原形)/does(动词的单三形式) am/is/are done(动词过去分词) 一般过去时 did(动词过去式) was/were done(动词过去分词) Eg.1.I am asked to copy these English words for ten times. 我被要求把这些英语单词抄十遍。 2.The university was founded in 1901. 这所大学始建于1901年。 拓展：不同时态的被动形式 2.如何从主动句变为被动句： 1.People throughout the world love the giant panda.（主动句变被动句） 大熊猫被全世界的人们所喜爱。 The giant panda is loved by people throughout the world. Conclusion: 主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词用被动语态形式，主动句的主语由by引出。 2.The storekeeper repaired my computer yesterday. 昨天我的电脑被店主修理过了。 My computer was repaired by the storekeeper yesterday. Conlusion 3．被动语态的用法 (1)需要强调动作的执行者时，可以用“by＋动作执行者” 指出动作的执行者。 ◆Was the song composed by a soldier 这首歌是由一名士兵创作的吗？ (2)不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，可以省略这部分内容。 ◆Do you know when the new railway will be opened 你知道新的铁路什么时候通车吗？ were repaired yesterday is done by my mother was sent to the hospital was built 4．主动形式表示被动意义 (1)连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, remain，seem，hear，appear，prove 等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。 ◆The food tastes delicious. 这种食品尝起来美味可口。 ◆What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging. 他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。 (2)当 wash, write, sell, open, close, shut, lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 ◆This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。 ◆The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly. 父亲给我的作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。 (3)need, want, require,deserve等+doing主动形式表示被动意义。 eg，need doing=need to be done ◆His hair needs cutting.他的头发需要剪了。 (4)be worth diong主动形式表被动意义。 ◆ The novel is wroth reading again. writes needs washing/to be washed The water feels cold. A huge fire broke out last night. Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致 定义: 谓语要和主语在人称和数量上保持一致。 1, 语法一致原则 2, 意义一致原则 3, 就近一致原则 三原则 主语单复数形式与谓语要一致 主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 谓语单复数取决于最靠近的主语 语法一致原则 一. 谓语动词要用单数形式 主语是: 1.单数名词或不可数名词 The food they served _____ (be) delicious. 2.动名词, 不定式或从句 Skating in winter _____ (be) great fun. To see _____(be) to believe. That he is absent _____(worry) all his family. Reading books and watching TV (be) my hobbies. 3. a large quantity（amount) of +名词 A large amount of water _____ what I need now. is is is worries is 多个动名词和不定式做主语，谓语动词用复数 are 注意：从句中的主谓一致问题 ①主语从句作主语, 其谓语动词的单复数问题: ... ...
