【绝密绝招 考前添分指导】2014浙江高考——阅读理解指导（精讲精析）

高考英语阅读理解常考点分析 阅读理解试题常采用以下四种题型： 1. 考查考生快速捕捉信息、处理信息的能力 (细节理解题)； 2. 考查考生对某个词或词语的理解能力 (词义猜测题) ； 3. 考查考生对文章主旨大意或段落大意的概括能力 (主旨大意题)； 4. 考查考生对文章的隐含意义、延伸意义的推理判断能力 (推理判断题)。 一、细节理解题 Ⅰ. 细节理解题一般可分为：直接信息题、间接信息题和信息综合题。 1. 直接信息题：先看题干，以便在阅读的过程中更快找出相关事实细节。 2. 间接信息题：需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。 3. 信息综合题：涉及文章中的几句话，而且有时可能散落在文章的不同地方，因此要把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。 Ⅱ. 正确答案的特点：与原文信息表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同。 Ⅲ. 干扰项的特点： 1. 是原文信息，但与题目要求不符； 2. 符合常识，但不符合原文内容； 3. 与原文信息极为相似，只是在程度上有些不同； 4. 选项中所提供的信息部分正确，部分错误； 5. 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。 【真题回放一】 How did Mr. Plowrigh t let people know what he was doing Why, he advertised, of course. First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.（2013 浙江卷阅读理解A篇） 42. To advertise his plows, Mr. Plowright . A. praised his plows in public B. placed a sign outside the shop C. hung an arrow pointing to the shop D. showed his products to the customers 42. B。这是一道直接信息题。该段摘自原 文第四段，根据该段中的First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers可知，为了推销自己的犁，Mr. Plowright在商店外面放了一个牌子。 【真题回放二】 In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable.（2013 浙江卷阅读理解D篇） 56. According to the passage, which of the following is most probably the writer’s problem as a new teacher A. She had blind trust in what she learnt at college. B. She didn’t ask experienced teachers for advice. C. She took too much time off to eat and sleep. D. She didn’t like teaching English literature. 56. A。这是一道间接信 息题。该段摘自原文第四段的部分内容，根据So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention可知，作者特别相信从书本上学到的东西，这种盲目的相信让她在实际教学中遇到了困难。 二、词义猜测题 Ⅰ. 利用同义词或近义词来猜测词义。 有时，为了避免重复，作者会运用不同的词来表述同一意思。此时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，此时可以从该熟悉的词语或结构中推知生词的含义。这种情况下，通常在生词和与其同义或近义的词或短语之间有表并列关系的词and或or等。 Ⅱ. 利用反义词或句子中的转折关系猜测词义。 反义词同样能 ... ...