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课件网) Discovering Useful Structures the -ing form as the attribute and the predicative (动词-ing形式作定语和表语) Unit 1 非谓语 动词 分词 动名词 过去分词 现在分词 V-ing V-ed 不定式 (to do) V-ing 形式 动名词 现在分词 Playing with fire is dangerous. Jim likes jumping in muddy puddles. Her idea is building up a new company. He really needs a washing machine. People living there are quite friendly. The performance was really amazing. Laughing and talking, they went in. I love to watch her performing on the stage. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 定语 表语 状语 宾补 动词-ing形式由 “动词原形+ing” 构成, 是非谓语动词的一种形式。 动词-ing形式分为动名词和现在分词两类, 不能单独构成谓语。 动名词: 兼有动词和名词的特征和作用, 在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语； 现在分词: 兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征, 在句中作定语、表语、宾补和状语。 V-ing a. 动名词作定语, 表示被修饰词的性能或用途, 相当于“ 名词+for+doing sth ” , 与被修饰词没有逻辑上的主谓关系。 b. 现在分词作定语, 表示它所修饰的名词的动作或状态, 与被修饰词之间是主谓(主动)关系。 一、动词-ing形式作定语 Students are not permitted to speak aloud in the reading room. The old man needs to take some sleeping pills to sleep. Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. 单个的现在分词作定语时, 多放在它所修饰的名词或代词前面； 现在分词短语作定语时, 通常放在所修饰词的后面, 其作用相当于定语从句, 并且可以转化为一个定语从句。 = Families who celebrate the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. 现在分词作定语的位置： 现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别： fallen leaves falling leaves boiling water boiled water 现在分词: 表示 _____的动作 过去分词: 表示 _____的动作 主动、正在进行 被动、完成 动词-ing形式作表语, 常位于系动词后, 用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。 二、动词-ing形式作表语 常见的系动词： (1)be 动词 (2)感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel (3)表变化的系动词：become（变得）, grow（渐渐变得）, get/turn（变成）, go/come (转变成) (4)表保持的系动词：remain, keep, stay (5)表似乎的系动词：seem（似乎是）, appear（似乎，显得） a. 动名词作表语：表示抽象的或习惯性的动作, 用来说明主语的内容, 与主语通常是同一概念, 表语和主语可互换位置。 My favourite sport is swimming. = Swimming is my favourite sport. The problem is quite puzzling. The news is quite shocking. b. 现在分词作表语：用来说明主语的性质、特征和状态。作表语的现在分词, 许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的, 常见的有moving, surprising, interesting, amusing, boring, exciting, pleasing等, 常译作 “ 令人…的 ”, 相当于形容词。 Her hobby is painting. This hobby is interesting. Her job is looking after the children. His job is boring. 现在分词说明主语的 _____；动名词说明主语的 _____。 因此, 动名词作表语可以和主语_____, 而现在分词_____作主语。 特征 内容 互换位置 不可以 Painting is her hobby. Interesting is this hobby. We are _____(interest) in ... ...
