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2023年初中英语语法之动词词用法与考点

日期:2024-05-14 科目:英语 类型:初中教案 查看:26次 大小:8527Byte 来源:二一课件通
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2023年,初中,英语,语法,动词,用法
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2023年初中英语语法之动词词用法与考点 动名词的概述 动名词由动词的 –ing形式构成, 在句中起到名词的作用, 同时具有动词的特征, 可带有自已的宾语和状语。动名词同它的宾语和状语一起称为动名词短语。 以下是动名词的形式:: * 一般形式: doing * 完成形式: having done * 一般形式的被动形式: being done * 完成形式的被动形式: having been done 注: 现在分词与动名词都是动词的-ing形式,它们在形式上是完全一样的。它们主要的区别是在句子中充当的成分(角色)有所不同。当动词的-ing形式用于充当主语,宾语时,即为动名词。而当动词的-ing形式在句中充当非名词性成分(如:定语,状语和补语)时,我们即视其为现在分词。 另外,动名词与现在分词都可以作表语,但也是有区别的。动名词相当于一个名词,所以作表语时是用来说明主语的内容的。而现在分词作表语时相当于形容词,是用来说明主语的性质、特征的。试比较以下句子: * Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。(动名词作表语) * Her job is looking after patients. 她的工作是照看病人。(动名词作表语) * What he said was very encouraging. 他的话很鼓舞人心。(现在分词作表语) * The story is frightening. 这个故事使人毛骨悚然。(现在分词作表语) 动名词的用法 1. 作主语 * Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 * Looking after the patients is a nurse's job. 照顾病人是护士的职责。 * Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。 有时可以用it作为先行词,而把动名词主语移到句子后部。 * It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 * It's nice seeing you here. 在这里见到你很高兴。 * Isn't it fun playing with Children 和孩子一块玩不是很有趣吗? 2. 作表语 * Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。 * What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的事情就是被人嘲笑。 3. 作宾语 1) 许多动词可有动名词作宾语 * You should avoid making the same mistake next time. 你应该避免下次犯同样的错误。 * They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 * Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please 你介意把收音机的音量调小一点吗? * I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次看到长城的情景。 * I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。 * Does your suit require pressing, sir 先生,你的西服需要熨一下吗? 2)不少成语动词也可以有动名词作宾语 * I'm looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望着收到你的来信。 * The doctor told me to give up smoking. 医生告诉我要戒烟。 * You must pay attention to protecting the environment.你要注意保护环境。 * Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work 我们休息呢还是开始干活? * Are you used to living there alone 你一个人在那里生活习惯吗? 3) 作介词宾语 * They are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 他们正在考虑为下学期制定新的计划。 * We have succeeded in persuading him to give up his plan. 我们已经成功了说服他放弃他的计划。 * She is not afraid of dying. 她不怕死。 * Thank you so much for inviting me. 非常感谢你邀请我。 * What about playing football this afternoon 今天下午踢足球怎么样? * On seeing the snake, the girl was very frightened. 一看到那条蛇,小女孩就十分害怕。 * She kept sitting there without talking to anybody. 她一 ... ...

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