2023年上海市浦东新区高考英语二模试卷（含解析）

2023年上海市浦东新区高考英语二模试卷 1. Emily Dobek is a seventh-graded at East Prairie Elementary School.Recently she （1） _____ （win） a national prize by designing a space station for travelling to Mars. Dobek races her interest in space and the universe back （2） _____ Grade Three when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse （月食）—on the roof of their house.She says that night watching the lunar eclipse awakened her passion （3） _____ has yet to run out of fuel. So（4） _____ her teacher，Andrew Smeeton，received information about the national challenge，she immediately had one student in mind. "I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her research，"Smeeton said."When she started，bone density （骨密度） of astronauts （5） _____ （research） immediately to figure out how to survive on Mars." According to Dobek'design，the Mars Storage Station （MSS） will be built （6） _____ （accommodate） the need for sufficient supplies.She explains how her spacecraft—the Adventure—will be joined to a space station before flying to the MSS to load supplies.Her design includes the Self Growing Farm，and she details （7） _____ it would work with elements on Mars. Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek's design.A simulator （模拟器） allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.Rooms with circular ceilings allow astronauts to watch （8） _____ （download） shows and even see places on Earth，such as their homes. Chief among her immediate goals，she said，is to inspire （9） _____ with this project."I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，"Dobek said，"（10） _____ they want to do，they should kind of just push for it.They should always try their best." (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 2. A.absence B.double C.extended D.functions E.fund F.outpaced G.prospects H.record I.shifted J.steady K.upward Japan births fall to record low as population crisis deepens Japan saw 799，728 births in 2022，the lowest number on record.That number has nearly halved in the past 40 years；by contrast，Japan recorded more than 1.5 million births in 1982.Japan also reported a（n）（1） _____ high for post-war deaths last year，at more than 1.58 million.Deaths have（2） _____ births in Japan for more than a decade，posing a growing problem for leaders of the world's third-largest economy.They now face a ballooning elderly population，along with a shrinking workforce to（3） _____ pensions and health care as demand from the aging population increases. Japan's population has been in（4） _____ decline since its economic boom of the 1980s and stood at 125.5 million in 2021.Its death rate of 1.3 is far below the rate of 2.1 required to maintain a stable population，in the（5） _____ of immigration. The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world；in 2020，nearly one in 1，500 people in Japan were aged 100 ... ...