(
课件网) 第 14讲 主 谓 一 致 忆知识●巧导妙引 理教材●夯实基础 练好题●夯基提能 语法一致原则 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。英语中的主谓一致包含三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 主 语 谓 语 例 句 单数名词或代词 单数 Your dog is really cute. 不可数名词 单数 Water is essential for us. 复数名词或代词 复数 Many students are waiting outside the classroom. either, neither, each, every或no＋单数名词，以及由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词 单数 Each of us has a gift from our teacher. Something is wrong with my computer. one of＋名词复数，表示“……之一” 单数 One of Thailand's symbols is the elephant. 续表 主 语 谓 语 例 句 动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句 单数 Playing sports is good for us. What she said is important for me. 主语后面跟with, together with, along with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等词 取决于主语的数 Everyone except Jim and Tim has arrived at the park. Tom with his father is going to travel abroad next week. 由a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of＋名词构成的短语 取决于短语后面名词的数 Lots of sheep are eating grass on the grassland. The rest of money I have has been used up. 由“分数/百分数＋名词”构成的短语 取决于短语后面名词的数 Two thirds of the students in our class are girls. 50 % of my free time has been spent on reading. 续表 主 语 谓 语 例 句 定语从句关系代词that, who, which 与先行词的数一致 The girl who is standing over there is my sister. The photos that are taken just now are beautiful. 由连接词and或both…and连接的并列主语 两个词指不同的人或物 复数 The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. 两个词指同一个人或物 单数 The writer and actor has come. a number of＋复数名词 复数 A number of soldiers are fighting for their country. the number of 单数 The number of population in this town is larger than that in your town. 倒装句 谓语的数与其 后的主语一致 There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures. 意义一致原则 主 语 谓语 例 句 表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等的复数名词或短语 单数 Three years is a long time. “定冠词the＋形容词”表示某一类人 复数 The rich are supposed to help the poor and they together build a prosperous and fair society. 集体名词(如：family, class, team, group, public)强调整体用单数，侧重成员用复数 单数/复数 My family is going to start our vacation in Europe next month. (强调整体用单数) The whole family are eating breakfast now.(侧重成员用复数) 续表 主 语 谓语 例 句 有些集合名词形式上为单数，但意义上为复数(如：people, police, cattle) 复数 The police are looking for the lost girl in the forest. “the＋姓氏名词复数”表示“……一家”或“……夫妇” 复数 The Smiths are willing to attend the party. trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes等作主语 复数 The shoes I bought yesterday fit me well. 续表 主 语 谓语 例 句 trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes等主语前 pair/glass/cup/kind/box/bag/…等量词接of结构修饰时，谓语动词的数由量词 ... ...
